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M: Hi, Claire. How does it feel to be back on campusW: Hi, Gee. Well, to tell you the truth, I have mixed feelings.M: Oh, whyW: I have this great summer job that I really hated to leave I worked at the wild life research center in Maryland.M: That makes sense for a genetic major. What did you do Clean the cagesW: This is a wild life center, not a zoo. This place breeds endangered species and tries to prepare them for life in the wild.M: You mean the endangered species like the tiger and the pandaW: Well, endangered species, yes. But not tigers or pandas. I work with whooping cranes and sandhill cranes. I taught the baby crane how to eat and drink, and I help the vets to give medical check-ups.M: I can see it was hard to leave that job. But how did you teach a bird how to eat and drinkW: We covered ourselves up with cloth and used puppets made out of stuffed crones to show the baby chicks what to do. Then the chicks copied what the puppets did.M: Cloth Puppets Sounds like fun.W: It was. The cloth and puppets are the key tools. We all covered ourselves up, the scientists, the vets, the junior staff, everybody. You see, baby cranes will become attached to their caretakers.M: So if the caretaker is a person, the crane will stay in places where people are.W: Yeah. And their chances for survival aren’t very good. But by covering ourselves and using cloth and puppets the chicks are more likely to seek out other birds rather than people. And their transition to the wild has a better chance of being successful.M: A chance of being successful Hasn’t this been done beforeW: It’s been done with sandhill cranes and everyone is optimistic about its work with whooping cranes too.M: If this works, it should increase the number of cranes in the wild.W: Yeah. It’s exciting, isn’t it Why does the man mention tigers and pandas()

A. He once had a job in a zoo.
B. They’re familiar examples of endangered species.
C. He’s interested in the genetics of mammals.
D. They also become attached to humans.

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Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome aboard your Scenic Cruiser Bus to Saint Louis, Memphis, and New Orleans with changes in Saint Louis for Kansas City and points west.This coach is scheduled to arrive in Saint Louis at eight o’clock. You will have a fifteen-minute rest stop at Bloomington at three o’clock and a half-hour dinner stop at Springfield at five-thirty.Passengers on this coach are scheduled to arrive in Memphis at seven o’clock tomorrow morning and in New Orleans at five o’clock tomorrow afternoon. Please don’t forget the number of your coach when re- boarding. That number is 4118.Let me remind you that federal regulations prohibit smoking cigarettes except in the last three rows to the rear of the coach. No pipe or cigar smoking is permitted anywhere in the coach. If you wish to smoke. kindly move to the last three rows.This coach is rest-room equipped for your comfort and convenience. Please watch your step when moving about in the coach. Relax and enjoy your trip, and thank you for traveling Scenic Cruiser Bus Lines. The passengers will have a 15-minute () stop at Bloomington.

Learning science helps children to develop ways of understanding the world around them. For this they have to build up concepts which help them link their experiences together, they must learn ways of gaining and organizing information and of applying and testing ideas. This contributes not only to children’s ability to make better sense of things around them, but prepares them to deal more effectively with wider decision-making and problem-solving in their lives. Science is as basic a part of education as numeracy and literacy, it daily becomes more important as the complexity of technology increases and touches every part of our lives.Learning science can bring a double benefit because science is both a method and a set of ideas, both a process and product. The processes of science provide a way of finding out information, testing ideas and see- king explanations. The products of science are ideas which can be applied in helping to understand new experiences. The word "can" is used advisedly here, it indicates that there is the potential to bring these benefits but no guarantee that they will be realized without taking the appropriate steps. In learning science the development of the process side and the product side must go hand in hand, they are totally interdependent. This has important implications for the kinds of activities children need to encounter in their education But before pursuing these implications, there are still two further important points which underline the value of including science in primary education.The first is that whether we teach children science or not, they will ha developing ideas about the world around from their earliest years. If these ideas are based on casual observation, non-investigated events and the acceptance of hearsay, than they are likely to be non-scientific. "everyday" ideas. There are plenty of such ideas around for children to pick up. My mother believed (and perhaps still does despite my efforts) that if the sun shines through the window on to the fire it puts the fire out, that cheese maggots f a common encounter in her youth when food was sold unwrapped) are made of cheese and develop spontaneously from it, that placing a lid on a pan of boiling water makes it boil at a lower temperature, that electricity travels more easily if the wires are not twisted. Similar myths still abound and no doubt influence children’s attempts to make sense of their experience. As well as hearsay, left to themselves, children will also form some ideas which seem unscientific; for example, that to make something move requires a force but to stop it needs no force. All these ideas could easily be put to the test; children’s science education should make children want to do it. Then they not only have the chance to modify their ideas, but they learn to be sceptical about so-called "truths" until these have been put to the test. Eventually they will realize that all ideas are working hypotheses which can never be proved right, but are useful as long as they fit the evidence of experience and experiment.The importance of beginning this learning early in children’s education is twofold. On the one hand the children begin to realize that useful ideas must fit the evidence; on the other hand they are less likely to form and to accept everyday ideas which can be shown to be in direct conflict with evidence and scientific concepts. There are research findings to show that the longer the non-scientific ideas have been held, the more difficult they are to change. Many children come to secondary science, not merely lacking the scientific ideas they need, but possessing alternative ideas which are a barrier to understanding their science lessons.The second point about starting to learn science, and to learn scientifically, at the primary level is connect- ed with attitudes to the subject. There is evidence that attitudes to science seem to be formed earlier than to most other subjects and children tend to have taken a definite position with regard to their liking of the subject by the age of 11 or 12. Given the remarks just made about the clash between the non-scientific ideas that many children bring to their secondary science lessons and the scientific ideas they are assumed to have, it is not surprising that many find science confusing and difficult. Such reactions undoubtedly affect their later performance in science. Although there is a lesson here for secondary science, it is clear that primary science can do much to avoid this crisis at the primary/secondary interface It can be inferred from the passage that ().

A. many primary school teachers do not pay enough attention to the proper arrangement of their subjects
B. children may easily be affected by their parents’ attitude to science
C. the early learning of science may have a positive effect on children’s later development
D. everyone should learn something about science

Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome aboard your Scenic Cruiser Bus to Saint Louis, Memphis, and New Orleans with changes in Saint Louis for Kansas City and points west.This coach is scheduled to arrive in Saint Louis at eight o’clock. You will have a fifteen-minute rest stop at Bloomington at three o’clock and a half-hour dinner stop at Springfield at five-thirty.Passengers on this coach are scheduled to arrive in Memphis at seven o’clock tomorrow morning and in New Orleans at five o’clock tomorrow afternoon. Please don’t forget the number of your coach when re- boarding. That number is 4118.Let me remind you that federal regulations prohibit smoking cigarettes except in the last three rows to the rear of the coach. No pipe or cigar smoking is permitted anywhere in the coach. If you wish to smoke. kindly move to the last three rows.This coach is rest-room equipped for your comfort and convenience. Please watch your step when moving about in the coach. Relax and enjoy your trip, and thank you for traveling Scenic Cruiser Bus Lines. The number of the coach is ().

Some years ago. an American policeman found a woman lying near a lonely mad. She did not appear to have had any accident, but she was trembling and clearly in a state of shock, SO he rushed her to the nearest hospital. She began lo tell the doctor on duty a story which was astonishing in all respects.She had been driving along a country road when she was stopped by a flying saucer landing in front of her. She bad been forced to leave the car and enter the flying saucer by some creatures. These creatures looked like human beings and could easily make themselves understood although they could not speak. It was as though they could read her thoughts and she could read theirs. They treated her politely and allowed her to leave after carrying out a number of tests on her. As she otherwise seemed to be normal, the doctor decided that she was probably suffering from the side effects of some drug. The woman insisted on being allowed to go home but when she gave her address, it was in a town over a thousand miles from the hospital. The police then started to make inquiries, They soon discovered that there was already a search going on for the woman, whose husband had reported that she had disappeared. Her car had been found with the driver’s door open and engine running. In front of her car the surface of the road had been completely destroyed, not by any explosion or anything of that kind, but as though a large, circular, wide, hot object had burnt through it. Which of the following statements is true()

A. The woman was intended to leave her husband without telling him.
B. The woman had met some creatures from outer space.
C. The woman and the creatures couldn’t understand each other.
D. The creatures could read and speak English.

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