The argillization process refers to the formation and accumulation of clay minerals in soil.
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Human activities have beneficial effects on soil; it always contributes to the development of soil fertility.
Mountains are characterized by high elevation and steep slopes. The mountains are eroded strongly by water. The hydrothermal conditions and vegetation change obviously. Therefore, the mountainous soils have the characteristic of vertical distribution.
The atmospheric humidity decreases from east to west in the temperate region. The soils are distributed in the following sequence: chernozem, black soil, chestnut soil, brown calcic soil, sierozem, grey desert soil, grey-brown desert soil, brown desert soil.
Plants can selectively absorb the nutrient elements which are dispersed in the parent material, water and atmosphere, accompanied by the availability of mineral nutrient elements.