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Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29-31In America, self-improvement is a national pastime. Every year, more and more Americans spend their leisure time trying to improve themselves one way or another.One popular form of self-improvement is the search for physical fitness. Thousands of Americans who never exercised are now out on the streets jogging in fashionable running suits and expensive sneakers. They boast of how many miles they run each day and of how many pounds they lose each week. Others are turning to swimming, tennis, dance, and the martial arts to improve their physical fitness.Instead of running around the park in the morning or evening, other Americans are studying yoga or are meditating quietly in their homes. They are seeking to improve themselves by finding peace and tranquility.Adult education is another form of self-improvement. After a hard day’s work, many Americans take evening courses at a local high school or college. There they can study a variety of subjects. Often these people are preparing to return to the job market or trying to qualify themselves for better jobs. A mother busy raising her children might attend night school to learn secretarial skills. A secretary might return to study accounting. Some retired people go back for the education they missed at an earlier age. Why do some retired people go back for education（）
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Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26-28Foxes and farmers have never got on well. These small dog-like animals have long been accused of killing farm animals. They are officially classified as harmful and farmers try to keep their numbers down by shooting or poisoning them.Farmers can also call on the services of their local hunt to control the fox population. Hunting consists of pursuing a fox across the countryside, with a group of specially trained dogs, followed by men and women riding horses. When the dogs eventually catch the fox, they kill it or a hunter shoots it.People who take part in hunting think of it as a sport; they wear a special uniform of red coats and white trousers, and follow strict codes of behavior. But owning a horse and hunting regularly is expensive, so most hunters are wealthy.It is estimated that up to 100,000 people watch or take part in fox hunting. But over the last couple of decades, the number of people opposed to fox hunting, because they think it is brutal, has risen sharply. Nowadays it is rare for a hunt to pass off without some kind of confrontation between hunters and hunt opponents. Sometimes these incidents lead to violence, but mostly these opponents interfere with the hunt by misleading riders and disturbing the trail of the fox’s smell, which the dogs follow.Noisy confrontations between hunters and their opponents have become so common that they are almost as much a part of hunting as the pursuit of foxes itself. Why has the number of people opposed to fox hunting increased over the last couple of decades（）
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19-22M: Hi, Ashley, how is your research going on It’s complicated.W: It is OK. I referred to so many literatures.M: I also did that, but I still cannot focus on the main point of my research.W: Don’t worry. Let’s try. People nowadays are faced with a work- related problem.M: So you mean workplace friendships are like a double- edged sword.W: That’s true, although the benefits of a friendly workplace can be really positive.M: What is the other side of the coinW: Well, organizations should be aware of the potential difficulties and how to manage friendships at work.M: I take for granted the leaders of the organizations would be so happy to see such friendly working atmospheres.W: According to the study and data, many people were concerned about going "softer" with their friends and being expected to treat them with special privileges.M: Yes, I understand in this way people naturally want to make their friends feel special.W: Actually, this conflicts with organizational practices or norms of fairness and equality. Then tension would be created in the relationship.M: Oh, it sounds like a dilemma. Workplace friendship is favored by people; however, new problems come into being.W: Absolutely, it is really difficult for the organizations to try to provide friendly environments and encourage workplace friendships, and at the same time they should have policies in place to manage potential difficulties.M: I see. Your analysis is logical. Thank you for helping me.W: You are welcome. Why is friendship hard to deal with in the workplace（）
Politics is an emotional business. Still, many people found themselves unusually moved by the historic presidential inauguration. Watching the huge crowds, we saw laughter, cheers, hugs — but also many tears.It made us wonder, why do people cry It is believed that tears must be good for us — a way to calm the mind and cleanse the soul. Yet studies show that crying sometimes makes people feel worse.Three researchers in Florida and the Netherlands recently looked more deeply into the subject. They examined detailed descriptions of crying experiences. Psychologist Jonathan Rottenberg at the University of South Florida says they wanted to study crying as it happens in everyday life, not in a laboratory. The team analyzed information from the International Study on Adult Crying. As part of that study, 3,000 people in different countries, mostly college students, wrote about recent crying experiences. They noted causes, surroundings and any people involved in the event. They also reported how they felt after they cried.Professor Rottenberg says the research showed that all crying experiences are not created equally. Crying does not always make a person feel better, he says. About 10 percent of people reported feeling worse after they cried. But a third felt better after crying. And a majority reported the experience was helpful. The research showed that people who cry alone may not do as well as those with others around. People who reached out for emotional support at the time — and received it — reported better results from the crying experience. But those who felt shame or embarrassment while crying were less likely to report that crying had been helpful.Research has shown that women cry more often and more intensely than men, but it may not be to better effect. The new findings did not show that a person’s sex was a predictor of beneficial crying. In other words, just because women cry more does not mean they are more likely to have a "good" cry. The paper entitled Is Crying Beneficial appeared in December in Current Directions in Psychological Science. Scientists say the science of crying is still in its infancy. According to the passage, which of the following statements about crying is TRUE（）
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19-22M: Hi, Ashley, how is your research going on It’s complicated.W: It is OK. I referred to so many literatures.M: I also did that, but I still cannot focus on the main point of my research.W: Don’t worry. Let’s try. People nowadays are faced with a work- related problem.M: So you mean workplace friendships are like a double- edged sword.W: That’s true, although the benefits of a friendly workplace can be really positive.M: What is the other side of the coinW: Well, organizations should be aware of the potential difficulties and how to manage friendships at work.M: I take for granted the leaders of the organizations would be so happy to see such friendly working atmospheres.W: According to the study and data, many people were concerned about going "softer" with their friends and being expected to treat them with special privileges.M: Yes, I understand in this way people naturally want to make their friends feel special.W: Actually, this conflicts with organizational practices or norms of fairness and equality. Then tension would be created in the relationship.M: Oh, it sounds like a dilemma. Workplace friendship is favored by people; however, new problems come into being.W: Absolutely, it is really difficult for the organizations to try to provide friendly environments and encourage workplace friendships, and at the same time they should have policies in place to manage potential difficulties.M: I see. Your analysis is logical. Thank you for helping me.W: You are welcome. Which of the following is correct about the workplace friendship（）
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