There are generally five strategies involved in vocabulary learning: Reviewing regularly, Guessing meaning from context, Organizing vocabulary effectively, Using a dictionary and Managing strategy use.
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Using lexical sets or hyponyms to show relations of words and their meanings is one of the ways to present vocabulary items.
In Hedge’s words, connotative meaning is “the attitudes or emotions of a language user in choosing a word and the influence of these on the listener or reader’s interpretation of the world”
Connotative meaning is the primary, literal or explicit meaning of a word, which refers to “those words that we use to label things as regards real objects, such as a name or a sign, etc. in the physical world.
Vocabulary learning involves at least two aspects of meaning. The first aspect involves the understanding of its denotative and connotative meaning. The second aspect involves understanding the sense relations among words.