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Some pessimistic experts feel that the automobile is bound to fall into disuse. They see a day in the not-too-distant future when all autos will be abandoned and allowed to rust. Other authorities, however, think the auto is here to stay. They hold that the car will remain a leading means of urban travel in the foreseeable future. The motorcar will undoubtedly change significantly over the next 30 years. It should become smaller, safer, and more economical, and should not be powered by the gasoline engine. The car of the future should be far more pollution-free than present types. Regardless of its power source, the auto in the future will still be the main problem in urban traffic congestion. One proposed solution to this problem is the automated highway system. When the auto enters the highway system, a retractable arm will drop from the auto and make contact with a rail, which is similar to those powering subway trains electrically. Once attached to the rail, the ear will become electrically powered from the system, and control of the vehicle will pass to a central computer. The computer will then monitor all of the car’s movements. The driver will use a telephone to dial instructions about his destination into the system. The computer will calculate the best route, and reserve space for the car all the way to the correct exit from the highway. The driver will then be free to relax and wait for the buzzer that will warn him of his coming exit. It is estimated that an automated highway will be able to handle 10,000 vehicles per hour, compared with the 1,500 to 2,000 vehicles that can be carried by a present-day highway. What is the author’s main concern
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In the days of Samuel Clemens, better known as Mark Twain, life on a steamboat on the Mississippi River was 1 . One of the most exciting 2 of that period was a race 3 two of the fastest river boats. The Natchez had steamed up the river from New Orleans to St. Louis in three days, twenty-one hours, and fifty-eight minutes. John Cannon, 4 of the Robert E. Lee felt sure that he could 5 this time and challenged the captain of the Natchez. 6 his boat light, Captain Cannon 7 no passengers 8 ; he did not 9 the usual goods. Moreover, he had crews with supplies of coal waiting on floats along the river so that the boat would not have to put it to shore for 10 . The race began on June 30,1870. Being lighter than the Natchez, the Lee jumped into an early lead. For three days the race continued, 11 the boats travelling at full steam. They were 12 each other the whole time, 13 short spaces when bends in the river hid one or the other from view. Then only a few hours from its goal, the Natchez 14 a rock and ran aground. The Lee steamed proudly into St. Louis in exactly three days, eighteen hours, and thirty minutes after she had left New Orleans. Bell rang, and people called 15 the boat named after the general 16 as an army engineer had prevented the river from changing its course and St. Louis 17 becoming an inland town. The Lee 18 a good record—one that brought honor to all rivermen. However, the great day of the river steamers was drawing to 19 . The 20 won the passenger and goods business from the river boats. There are boats on the river today. But they are not the white birds that attracted young Samuel Clemens.
Since we are social beings, the quality of our lives depends in large measure on our interpersonal relationships. One strength of the human condition is our tendency to give and receive support from one another under stressful circumstances. Social support consists of the exchange of resources among people based on their interpersonal ties. Those of us with strong support systems appear better able to cope with major life changes and daily hassles. People with strong social ties live longer and have better health than those without such ties. Studies over a range of illnesses, from depression to heart disease, reveal that the presence of social support helps people fend off illness, and the absence of such support makes poor health more likely. Social support cushions stress in a number of ways. First, friends, relatives, and co-workers may let us know that they value us. Our self-respect is strengthened when we feel accepted by others despite our faults and difficulties. Second, other people often provide us with informational support. They help us to define and understand our problems and find solutions to them. Third, we typically find social companionship supportive. Engaging in leisure-time activities with others helps us to meet our social needs while at the same time distracting us from our worries and troubles. Finally, other people may give us instrumental support—financial aid, material resources, and needed services—that reduces stress by helping us resolve and cope with our problems. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word "cushions" (Line 1, Para. 2)
Thomas and Dianne Stewart, out for an afternoon drive, stopped at a stop sign in a quiet suburban neighborhood. Thomas watched a little girl, perhaps two years old, as she played in her yard. Moments later he gasped when he realized she was playing with a cigarette lighter. "How utterly awful it is to let a small child play with a cigarette lighter," Thomas exclaimed to his wife. His wife nodded her head in agreement. As he prepared to pull away, he watched the little girl head into the back yard. As the car began to move, Thomas spotted a large red gasoline can, with no lid on it. If the girl flicked the cigarette lighter, the spark or resulting flame could ignite the fumes escaping from the open gas can, creating a high potential for disaster. Thomas, trained in safety and rescue operations while in the army, trained in the martial arts while in college, a marathon runner, weight lifter, and Olympic swimmer, sprang into action. He kicked his car door open, and instructed his wife to take the fire extinguisher in the car. She nodded her head and followed him with the equipment he needed. He removed the tab, activating the extinguisher and directed her to spray the small child as if were in flames. Dianne aimed the nozzle at the baby and pulled the trigger. Mushrooming foam covered the little girl from her head to her toes, protecting her from the flames, in the event of an explosion. The little girl began crying, not aware that these two people were risking their very lives for her. From the side of the house, Thomas and Dianne heard the child’s mother yell, "Jessica, do you need more candy in your Pez dispenser" The couple looked again at the object in the little girl’s hand, and then rushed to their car and hightailed out of the neighborhood. What was the baby holding in her hand
设计任务：下面是《普通高中课程标准实验教科书·英语(必修5)》第四单元的一篇文章，据此设计一节英语阅读课教学方案。 MY FIRST WORK ASSIGNMENT "Unforgettable", says new journalist Never will Zhou Yang (ZY) forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper. His discussion with his new boss, Hu Xin (HX), was to strongly influence his life as a journalist. HX: Welcome. We’re delighted you’re coming to work with us. Your first job here will be an assistant journalist. Do you have any questions ZY: Can I go out on a story immediately HX: (laughing) That’s admirable, but I’m afraid it would be unusual! Wait till you’re more experienced. First we’ll put you as an assistant to an experienced journalist. Later you can cover a story and submit the article yourself. ZY: Wonderful. What do I need to take with me I already have a notebook and camera. HX: No need for a camera. You’ll have a professional photographer with you to take photographs. You’ll find your colleagues very eager to assist you, so you may be able to concentrate on photography later if you’re interested. ZY: Thank you. Not only am I interested in photography, but I took an amateur course at university to update my skills. HX: Good. ZY: What do I need to remember when I go out to cover a story HX: You need to be curious. Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know. We say a good journalist must have a good "nose" for a story. That means you must be able to assess when people are not telling the whole truth and then try to discover it. They must use research to inform themselves of the missing parts of the story. ZY: What should I keep in mind HX: Here comes my list of dos and don’ts: don’t miss your deadline, don’t be rude, don’t talk too much, but make sure you listen to the interviewee carefully. ZY: Why is listening so important HX: Well, you have to listen for detailed facts. Meanwhile you have to prepare the next question depending on what the person says. ZY: But how can I listen carefully while taking notes HX: This is a trick of the trade, If the interviewee agrees, you can use a recorder to get the facts straight. It’s also useful if a person wants to challenge you. You have the evidence to support your story. ZY: I see! Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick HX: Yes, but it was a long time ago. This is how the story goes. A footballer was accused of taking money for deliberately not scoring goals so as to let the other team win. We went to interview him. He denied taking money but we were sceptical. So we arranged an interview between the footballer and the man supposed to bribe him. When we saw them together we guessed from the footballer’s body language that he was not telling the truth. So we wrote an article suggesting he was guilty. It was a dilemma because the footballer could have demanded damages if we were wrong. He tried to stop us publishing it but later we were proved right. ZY: Wow! That was a real "scoop". I’m looking forward to my first assignment now. Perhaps I’ll get a scoop too! HX: Perhaps you will. You never know.
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