题目内容
出口许可证的有效期不得超过6个月，需要跨年度使用的，其有效期的截止日期不得超过次年2月底。
查看答案
搜索结果不匹配？点我反馈
更多问题
列入《自动进口许可管理类可用做原料的废物目录》的废物，不论以何种方式进口，均应申领废物进口许可证。
对列入《两用物项和技术进出口许可证管理目录》的物项及技术的出口，统一实行两用物项和技术出口许可证管理，目录以外的均无需办理两用物项和技术出口许可证。
When Congress passed the Age Discrimination in Employment Act, it gave older Americans a broad right to sue for discrimination. But the Supreme Court has narrowed that right with a 5-to-4 ruling that union members cannot file lawsuits when their contracts call for arbitration of age-discrimination claims. The decision, which reversed the court"s precedents, sets back antidiscrimination law significantly. A group of New York City building-services workers sued after they were moved from positions like night lobby watchman to less desirable assignments, including cleaning jobs. The workers charged, among oilier claims, that they had been reassigned based on age. The contract negotiated by the workers" union required employees to submit claims of discrimination to binding arbitration. The workers sued in federal court, asserting that their job reassignments violated the federal age-discrimination statute and other laws. The employer moved to dismiss the suit, arguing that the union contract required that the claims be arbitrated. The Federal Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit denied the motion, citing a 1974 Supreme Court case, Alexander v. Gardner-Denver Company. It held that collective bargaining agreements cannot waive workers" rights to sue under federal antidiscrimination laws. The Supreme Court reversed, in an opinion by Justice Clarence Thomas. In the majority"s view, the union agreed to the arbitration clause, and it was binding on all of its members. The four dissenters, in an opinion by Justice David Souter, had by far the better argument. Rights that Congress grants, they argued, cannot be waived in a collective-bargaining contract. Union contracts represent group rights—and unions often sacrifice the interests of a minority of their members for the good of the whole. Laws like the Age Discrimination in Employment Act give individuals a right to sue for discrimination -no matter what deal their union decides to strike for the workers as a group. The dissenters protested that the majority was too quick to abandon the well-established, 35-year-old precedent of Gardner-Denver. The fight over who will hear these claims matters because workers who have been discriminated against are more likely to get a fair hearing in federal court than in arbitration. That is why employers are eager to arbitrate—and it may be why the court " s most conservative justices voted in favor of compulsory arbitration. When Congress passed the Age Discrimination in Employment Act, it protected Americans from discrimination on the basis of age—and gave them the chance to vindicate that right in federal court. There is no reason to believe that Congress intended this right to sue to be so weak that unions could freely bargain it away. In the opinion of Justice David Souter.
It"s bad biology to argue against the existence of animal emotions. Scientific research in evolutionary biology, cognitive ethology and social neuroscience support the view that numerous and diverse animals have rich and deep emotional lives. Emotions have evolved as adaptations in numerous species and they serve as a social glue to bond animals with one another. Emotions also catalyze and regulate a wide variety of social encounters among friends and competitors and permit animals to protect themselves adaptively and flexibly using various behavior patterns in a wide variety of venues. Charles Darwin"s well-accepted ideas about evolutionary continuity, that differences among species are differences in degree rather than kind, argue strongly for the presence of animal emotions, empathy, and even moral behavior. In practice, continuity allows us to connect the "evolutionary dots" among different species to highlight similarities in evolved traits including individual feelings and passions. What we have since learned about animal emotions and empathy fits in well with what we know about the lifestyle of different species—how complex their social interactions and social networks are. Emotions, empathy, and knowing right from wrong are keys to survival, without which animals—both human and nonhuman-would perish. That"s how important they are. The borders between "them"(animals)and "us" are murky and permeable. Studying animal emotions addresses a number of big questions concerning how science is conducted. Many skeptics feel that we are so uncertain about whether other animals have any sort of emotional life that they prefer to put off weighing in until we know more. For some, this really means waiting until we are absolutely sure. But science is never as certain as many would like it to be. Climate change researcher Henry Pollack says it well in his book Uncertain Science... Uncertain World: "Because uncertainty never disappears, decisions about the future, big and small, must always be made in the absence of certainty. Waiting until uncertainty is eliminated is an implicit endorsement of the status quo, and often an excuse for maintaining it. . . Uncertainty, far from being a barrier to progress, is actually a strong stimulus for, and an important ingredient of, creativity. " I often begin my lectures with the question: "Is there anyone in this audience who thinks that dogs don"t have feelings that they don"t experience joy and sadness" I"ve never had an enthusiastic response to this question, even in scientific gatherings, although on occasion a hand or two goes up slowly, usually halfway, as the person glances around to see if anyone is watching. But if I ask, "How many of you believe that dogs have feelings" then almost every hand waves wildly and people smile and nod in vigorous agreement. Using behavior as our guide, by analogy we map the feelings of other beings onto our own emotional templates, and we do it very reliably. It can be inferred from the text that animal emotions ______ .
微信支付 
支付宝支付