题目内容
American Sports The United States is a sports-loving nation. Sports in America take a variety of forms: organized competitive struggles, which draw huge crowds to cheer their favorite team to victory; athletic games, played for recreation anywhere sufficient space is found; and hunting and fishing. Most sports are seasonal, so that what is happening in sports depends upon the time of year. Some sports are called spectator sports, as the number of spectators greatly exceeds the number playing in the game. Baseball is the most popular sport in the US. It is played throughout the spring and summer, and professional baseball teams play well into the fall. Although no other game is exactly like baseball, perhaps the one most nearly like it is the English game of cricket. Football is the most popular sport in the fall. The game originated as a college sport more than 75 years ago. It is still played by almost every college and university in the country, and the football stadiums of some of the largest universities seat as many as 80000 people. The game is not the same as European football or soccer. In American football there are 11 players in each team, and they are dressed in padded uniforms and helmets because the game is rough and injuries are likely to occur. Basketball is the winter sport in American schools and colleges. Like football, basketball originated in the US and is not popular in other countries. Many Americans prefer it to football because it is played indoors throughout the winter and because it is a faster game. It is a very popular game with high schools, and in more than 20 states, state-wide high school matches are held yearly. Other spectator sports include wrestling, boxing, and horse-racing. Although horse-racing fans call themselves sportsmen, the accuracy of the term is questionable, as only the jockeys who ride the horses in the races can be considered athletes. The so-called sportsmen are the spectators, who do "not assemble" primarily to see the horses race, but to bet upon the outcome of each race. Gambling is the attraction of horse racing. Football can be classified as a spectator sport.
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Valuing Childhood The value of childhood is easily blurred (变得模糊不清) in today’s world. Consider some recent developments. The child, murderers in the Jonesboro schoolyard shooting case were convicted and sentenced. Two boys, 7 and 8, were charged in the murder of an 11-year-old girl in Chicago. Children who commit horrible crimes appear to act of their own will. Yet, as legal proceedings in Jonesboro showed, the one boy who was able to address the court couldn’t begin to explain his acts, though he tried to apologize. There may have been a motive—youthful jealousy (嫉妒) and resentment. But a deeper question remains: Why did these boys and others in similar trouble apparently lack any inner, moral restraint That question echoes for the accused in Chicago, young as they are. They wanted the girl’s bicycle, a selfish impulse common enough among kids. Redemption (拯救) is a practical necessity. How can value be restored to young lives distorted by acts of violence The boys in Jonesboro and in Chicago will be confined in institutions for a relatively short time. Despite horror at what was done, children are not—cannot be—dealt with as adults, not if a people wants to consider itself civilized. That’s why politicians’ cries for adult treatment of youthful criminals ultimately miss the point. But the moral void (真空) that invites violence has many sources. Family instability contributes, so does economic stress. That void, however, can be filled. The work starts with parents, who have to ask themselves whether they’re doing enough to give their children a firm sense of fight and wrong. Are they really monitoring their activities and their developing processes of thought Schools, too, have a role in building character. So do youth organizations. So do youth enforcement agencies, which can do more to inform the young about laws, their meaning, and their observance (遵守). The goal, ultimately, is to allow all children a normal passage from childhood to adulthood (成年), so that tragic gaps in moral judgement are less likely to occur. The relative few who fill such gaps with acts of violence hint at many others who don’t go that far, but who lack the moral foundations childhood should provide—and which progressive human society relies on. Which of the following does the writer cite as a source of moral void
Valuing Childhood The value of childhood is easily blurred (变得模糊不清) in today’s world. Consider some recent developments. The child, murderers in the Jonesboro schoolyard shooting case were convicted and sentenced. Two boys, 7 and 8, were charged in the murder of an 11-year-old girl in Chicago. Children who commit horrible crimes appear to act of their own will. Yet, as legal proceedings in Jonesboro showed, the one boy who was able to address the court couldn’t begin to explain his acts, though he tried to apologize. There may have been a motive—youthful jealousy (嫉妒) and resentment. But a deeper question remains: Why did these boys and others in similar trouble apparently lack any inner, moral restraint That question echoes for the accused in Chicago, young as they are. They wanted the girl’s bicycle, a selfish impulse common enough among kids. Redemption (拯救) is a practical necessity. How can value be restored to young lives distorted by acts of violence The boys in Jonesboro and in Chicago will be confined in institutions for a relatively short time. Despite horror at what was done, children are not—cannot be—dealt with as adults, not if a people wants to consider itself civilized. That’s why politicians’ cries for adult treatment of youthful criminals ultimately miss the point. But the moral void (真空) that invites violence has many sources. Family instability contributes, so does economic stress. That void, however, can be filled. The work starts with parents, who have to ask themselves whether they’re doing enough to give their children a firm sense of fight and wrong. Are they really monitoring their activities and their developing processes of thought Schools, too, have a role in building character. So do youth organizations. So do youth enforcement agencies, which can do more to inform the young about laws, their meaning, and their observance (遵守). The goal, ultimately, is to allow all children a normal passage from childhood to adulthood (成年), so that tragic gaps in moral judgement are less likely to occur. The relative few who fill such gaps with acts of violence hint at many others who don’t go that far, but who lack the moral foundations childhood should provide—and which progressive human society relies on. Which of the statements is NOT true according to this passage
American Sports The United States is a sports-loving nation. Sports in America take a variety of forms: organized competitive struggles, which draw huge crowds to cheer their favorite team to victory; athletic games, played for recreation anywhere sufficient space is found; and hunting and fishing. Most sports are seasonal, so that what is happening in sports depends upon the time of year. Some sports are called spectator sports, as the number of spectators greatly exceeds the number playing in the game. Baseball is the most popular sport in the US. It is played throughout the spring and summer, and professional baseball teams play well into the fall. Although no other game is exactly like baseball, perhaps the one most nearly like it is the English game of cricket. Football is the most popular sport in the fall. The game originated as a college sport more than 75 years ago. It is still played by almost every college and university in the country, and the football stadiums of some of the largest universities seat as many as 80000 people. The game is not the same as European football or soccer. In American football there are 11 players in each team, and they are dressed in padded uniforms and helmets because the game is rough and injuries are likely to occur. Basketball is the winter sport in American schools and colleges. Like football, basketball originated in the US and is not popular in other countries. Many Americans prefer it to football because it is played indoors throughout the winter and because it is a faster game. It is a very popular game with high schools, and in more than 20 states, state-wide high school matches are held yearly. Other spectator sports include wrestling, boxing, and horse-racing. Although horse-racing fans call themselves sportsmen, the accuracy of the term is questionable, as only the jockeys who ride the horses in the races can be considered athletes. The so-called sportsmen are the spectators, who do "not assemble" primarily to see the horses race, but to bet upon the outcome of each race. Gambling is the attraction of horse racing. Many Americans like basketball better than football because the latter is so harsh that players have to wear special uniforms.
The Greatest Mystery Of Whales The whale is a warm-blooded, air-breathing animal, giving birth to its young alive, sucking them—and, like all mammals, originated on land. There are many front flippers (鳍状肢), used for steering and stability, are traces of feet. 1 of this. Its Immense strength is 2 into the great body of the big whales, and in fact most of a whale’s body is one gigantic muscle. The blue whale’s pulling strength has been estimated 3 400 horsepower. One specimen was reported to have towed (拖) a whaling vessel for seven hours at the 4 of eight knot (节). An angry whale will 5 A famous example of this was the fate of Whaler Essex, 6 was sunk off the coast of South America early in the last century. More recently, steel ships have 7 their plates buckled (使弯曲) in the same way. Sperm whales (抹香鲸) were known to seize the old-time whaleboats in their jaws and crush them. The greatest 8 of whales is their diving ability. The sperm whale dives to the Bottom for his 9 food, the octopus (章鱼). In that search he is known to go as far Down as 3200 feet, where the. 10 is 1400 pounds, to a square inch. Doing so he will 11 underwater long as one hour. Two special skills are involved in this storing up enough 12 (all whales are air—breathed) and tolerating the great change in pressure. Just how he does it scientists have not 13 . It is believed that some of the oxygen is stored in a special 14 of blood vessels, rather than just held in the lungs. And it is believed that a special kind of oil in his head is some sort of compensating mechanism that 15 adjusts the internal pressure of his body. But since you can’t bring a live whale into the laboratory for study, no one knows just how these things work.
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