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Text 1 When a 13-year-old Virginia girl started sneezing, her parents thought it was merely a cold. But when the sneezes continued for hours, they called in a doctor. Nearly two months later the girl was still sneezing, thousands of times a day, and her case had attracted worldwide attention. Hundreds of suggestions, ranging from "put a clothes pin on her nose" to "have her stand on her head" poured in. But nothing did any good. Finally, she was taken to Johns Hopkins Hospital where Dr. Leo Kanner, one of the world’s top authorities on sneezing, solved the baffling (难以理解的) problem with great speed. He used neither drugs nor surgery, curiously enough, the clue for the treatment was found in an ancient superstition about the amazing bodily reaction we call the sneeze. It was all in her mind, he said, a view which Aristotle, some 3,000 years earlier, would have agreed with heartily. Dr. Kanner simply gave a modem psychological interpretation to the ancient belief that too much sneezing was an indication that the spirit was troubled; and he began to treat the girl accordingly. "Less than two days in a hospital room, a plan for better scholastic and vocational adjustment, and reassurance about her unreasonable fear of tuberculosis quickly changed her from a sneezer to an ex-sneezer," he reported. Sneezing has always been a subject of wonder, awe and puzzlement. Dr. Kanner has collected thousands of superstitions concerning it. The most universal one is the custom of begging for the blessing of God when a person sneezes—a practice Dr. Kanner traces back to the ancient belief that a sneeze was an indication that the sneezer was possessed of an evil spirit. Strangely, people over the world still continue the custom with the traditional, "God bless you" or its equivalent. When scientists look at the sneeze, they see a remarkable mechanism which, without any conscious help from you, takes on a job that has to be done. When you need to sneeze you sneeze, this being nature’s clever way of getting rid of an annoying object from the nose. The object may be just some dust in the nose which nature is striving to remove. According to scientists ,people sneeze because______.

A. they are ill
B. to sneeze is human nature
C. they do not need any conscious help
D. there are unwanted things in their noses

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Visitors to this country are normally admitted for six months, but foreign students can usually stay for one year. They must (54) an educational institution, and they are required to study for a (55) of fifteen hours a week on a daytime course. Prospective students have to show that they can afford their studies, and that they have sufficient (56) resources to support themselves (57) in this country.In order to work here the foreigner needs a work permit, (58) must be applied for by his prospective employer. The problem here is that the Department of Employment has the right to grant or (59) these permits, and there is little that can be done (60) it; it would be extremely unwise for a foreign visitor to work (61) a permit, since anyone doing so is liable to immediate deportation (驱逐出境). There are some people from the European countries, who are often given (62) residence permits of up to five years. Some other people, such as doctors, foreign journalists, authors and others can work without permits, and foreign students are normally allowed to (63) part-time jobs while they are studying here. 57().

A. after
B. since
C. while
D. before

Visitors to this country are normally admitted for six months, but foreign students can usually stay for one year. They must (54) an educational institution, and they are required to study for a (55) of fifteen hours a week on a daytime course. Prospective students have to show that they can afford their studies, and that they have sufficient (56) resources to support themselves (57) in this country.In order to work here the foreigner needs a work permit, (58) must be applied for by his prospective employer. The problem here is that the Department of Employment has the right to grant or (59) these permits, and there is little that can be done (60) it; it would be extremely unwise for a foreign visitor to work (61) a permit, since anyone doing so is liable to immediate deportation (驱逐出境). There are some people from the European countries, who are often given (62) residence permits of up to five years. Some other people, such as doctors, foreign journalists, authors and others can work without permits, and foreign students are normally allowed to (63) part-time jobs while they are studying here. 61().

A. with
B. before
C. after
D. without

Is the customer always right The answer, it seems, depends on which country you are in. Shopping is very much a part of a country’s culture, and attitudes to shopping and consumers vary from country to country just as much as climate or taste in food. From the air-conditioned American shopping centers to the street market of African towns, the way we shop shows the way we see ourselves and our relationships with other people. Business competition in Europe has given consumers increased power. This has meant falling prices, plenty of special offers and a re-examination of what customer service really means. People often point to America as an example of excellent customer service. In restaurants in the south of the USA, for example, waiters compliment you on your clothes, ask about your day, compliment you on the wisdom of your order and then return every ten minutes to refill your glass and make sure that everything is to your satisfaction. Anyone who has waited 30 minutes to be served in a restaurant might well dream of such attention, but do Europeans really want US style service As a friend of mine once told me, "By the end of the evening I had spent as much time talking to the waiter as to my wife. " It is a question of expectations. Different nationalities expect different types of service. A Chinese-American friend loves telling people about how her Chinese mother shops for clothes: "First of all she waits until they are on sale, then she bargains until she gets an even better price and then she finds some small fault with the product and demands a further reduction. She never buys anything at the regular price. " Could you imagine trying such tricks in a department store in your country Attitudes to service are, of course, affected by employers’ attitudes to their workers. As American sales and service personnel are heavily reliant on commission and tips, they have more motives to provide more service. But is this fair Do we think it is fair to ask shop assistants to work late evenings, Sundays and 12 hour shifts It might not be a case of "Is the customer always right" but a case of "How much service is it fair to expect\ The remarks of the author’s friend in Paragraph 3 indicate that Europeans ______.

A. think highly of the American service
B. do not appreciate the American service
C. find it impossible to accept the American service
D. will gradually accept the American service

简述受体的主要特性。

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