Paralinguistic Features of LanguageIn face-to-face communication speakers often alter their tones of voice or change their physical postures in order to convey messages. These means are called paralinguistic features of language, which fail into two categories.I. First category: vocal paralinguistic featuresA. (1)______: to express attitude or intentionB. examples1. whispering:need for secrecy2. breathiness:deep emotion3. (2)______: unimportance4. nasality: anxiety5. extra lip-rounding: greater intimacyII. Second category: physical paralinguistic featuresA. facial expressions1. (3)______-- smiling: signal of pleasure or welcome2. less common expressions-- eye brow raising: surprise or interest-- lip biting: (4)______B. gestureGestures are related to culture.1. British culture-- shrugging shoulders: (5)______-- scratching head: puzzlement2. other cultures-- placing hand upon heart: (6)______-- pointing at nose: secretC. proximity, posture and echoing1. proximity: physical distance between speakers-- closeness: intimacy or threat-- (7)______: formality or absence of interestProximity is person-, culture- and (8)______-specific.2. posture-- hunched shoulders or a hanging head: to indicate (9)______-- direct level eye contact: to express an open or challenging attitude3. echoing-- definition: imitation of similar posture-- (10)______: aid in communication-- conscious imitation: mockery 5（）