题目内容

个体的成就动机中含有两种成分,追求成功的倾向与()

A. 追求利益的倾向
B. 回避困难的倾向
C. 回避失败的倾向
D. 追求刺激的倾向

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将学习失败归因为自己努力不够,会提高学习的积极性。

A. 对
B. 错

高智商虽非高创造性的充分条件,但可以说是高创造性的必要条件。

A. 对
B. 错

Passage twoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Female applicants to postdoctoral positions in geosciences were nearly half as likely to receive excellent letters of recor ompared with their male counterparts. christopher intagliata report.As in many other fields,gender bias is widespread in the sciences. men score higher starting salaries, have more mentoring (指导), and have better odds of being hired.studies nigher starting also perceived as more competent than women in stem(science, technology, enging,and Mathematics) fields. and new research reveals that men are more likely to receive excellent letters of recommendation,too."Say, you know, this is the best student I've ever had, "says kuheli dutt, a social scientist and diversity officer at columbia university's lamont campus. "compare those excellent letters with a merely good letter:'the candidate was productive, or intelligent, or a solid scientist or something that's clearly.solid praise,'but nothing that singles out the candidate as exceptional ot one of a kind."Dutt and her colleagues studied more than 1,200 letters of recommendation for postdoctor at positions in geoscience.they were all edited for gender and other idetifying information,so dutt and her team could assign them a scoer without knowing the gender of the student. they found that and women, th udes letters of recommendation from all over the world, and written by, yes,he findings are in the ioumal nature geoscience.Dutt says they were not able to evaluate the actual scientific qualificatiOf the apsing the data in the files. but she says the results still suggest women in geoscience are at apotential disadvantage from the very beginning of their careers starting with those less than out-standing letters of recommendation.we re not trying to assign blame or criticize anyone or call anyone conscious.Its of this study to open up meaningful dialogues on implicit gender bias.be it at a departmental level or an institutional level or even a discipline level "which may lead to some recommendations for the letter writers themselves. whatdoesduttaimtodowithherstudy?()

A. raise recommendation writers' awareness of gender bias in their letters
B. open up fresh avenues for women post-doctors to join in research work
C. alert women researchers to all types of gender bias in the stem disciplines
D. start a public discussion on how to raise womens status in academic circles

婴儿最早使用的学习方式是操作性条件作用。

A. 对
B. 错

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