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Students of United States history, seeking to identify the circumstances that encouraged the emergence of feminist movements, have thoroughly investigated the mid-nineteenth-century American economic and social conditions that affected the status of women. These historians, however, have analyzed less fully the development of specifically feminist ideas and activities during the same period. Furthermore, the ideological origins of feminism in the United States have been obscured because, even when historians did take into account those feminist ideas and activities occurring within the United States, they failed to recognize that feminism was then a truly international movement actually centered in Europe. American feminist activists who have been described as "solitary" and "individual theorists" were in reality connected to a movement — utopian socialism — which was already popularizing feminist ideas in Europe during the two decades that culminated in the first women’s rights conference held at Seneca Falls, New York, in 180o8. Thus, a complete understanding of the origins and development of nineteenth-century feminism in the United States requires that the geographical focus be widened to include Europe and that the detailed study already made of social conditions be expanded to include the ideological development of feminism. The earliest and most popular of the utopian socialists were the Saint-Simonians. The specifically feminist part of Saint-Simonianism has, however, been less studied than the group’s contribution to early socialism. This is regrettable on two counts. By 1832 feminism was the central concern of Saint- Simonianism and entirely absorbed its adherents’ energy. Hence, by ignoring its feminism, European historians have misunderstood Saint- Simonianism. Moreover, since many feminist ideas can be traced to Saint- Simonianism, European historians’ appreciation of later feminism in France and the United States remained limited. Saint-Simon’s followers, many of whom were women, based their feminism on an interpretation of his project to reorganize the globe by replacing brute force with the rule of spiritual powers. The new world order would be ruled together by a male, to represent reflection, and a female, to represent sentiment. This complementarity reflects the fact that, while the Saint-Simonians did not reject the belief that there were innate differences between men and women, they nevertheless foresaw an equally important social and political role for both sexes in their Utopia. Only a few Saint-Simonians opposed a definition of sexual equality based on gender distinction. This minority believed that individuals of both sexes were born similar in capacity and character, and they ascribed male-female differences to socialization and education. The envisioned result of both currents of thought, however, was that women would enter public life in the new age and that sexual equality would reward men as well as women with an improved way of life. It can be inferred from the passage that all Saint-Simonians______.
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The human nose is an underrated tool. Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals, ________ this is largely because, ________ animals, we stand upright. This means that our noses are ________ to perceiving those smells which float through the air, ________ the majority of smells which stick to surfaces. In fact, ________ , we are extremely sensitive to smells, ________ we do not generally realize it. Our noses are capable of ________ human smells even when these are________to far below one part in one million. Strangely, some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another, ________ others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers. This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate ________ smell receptors in the nose. These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send ________ to the brain. However, it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell ________ can suddenly become sensitive to it when ________ to it often enough. The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that the brain finds it ________ to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can ________ new receptors if necessary. This may ________ explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells―we simply do not need to be. We are not ________ of the usual smell of our own house, but we ________ new smells when we visit someone else’’ s. The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors ________ for unfamiliar and emergency signals ________ the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire. The human nose is an underrated tool. Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals, ________ this is largely because, ________ animals, we stand upright. This means that our noses are ________ to perceiving those smells which float through the air, ________ the majority of smells which stick to surfaces. In fact, ________ , we are extremely sensitive to smells, ________ we do not generally realize it. Our noses are capable of ________ human smells even when these are________to far below one part in one million. Strangely, some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another, ________ others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers. This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate ________ smell receptors in the nose. These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send ________ to the brain. However, it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell ________ can suddenly become sensitive to it when ________ to it often enough. The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that the brain finds it ________ to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can ________ new receptors if necessary. This may ________ explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells―we simply do not need to be. We are not ________ of the usual smell of our own house, but we ________ new smells when we visit someone else’’ s. The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors ________ for unfamiliar and emergency signals ________ the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire.
Students of United States history, seeking to identify the circumstances that encouraged the emergence of feminist movements, have thoroughly investigated the mid-nineteenth-century American economic and social conditions that affected the status of women. These historians, however, have analyzed less fully the development of specifically feminist ideas and activities during the same period. Furthermore, the ideological origins of feminism in the United States have been obscured because, even when historians did take into account those feminist ideas and activities occurring within the United States, they failed to recognize that feminism was then a truly international movement actually centered in Europe. American feminist activists who have been described as "solitary" and "individual theorists" were in reality connected to a movement — utopian socialism — which was already popularizing feminist ideas in Europe during the two decades that culminated in the first women’s rights conference held at Seneca Falls, New York, in 180o8. Thus, a complete understanding of the origins and development of nineteenth-century feminism in the United States requires that the geographical focus be widened to include Europe and that the detailed study already made of social conditions be expanded to include the ideological development of feminism. The earliest and most popular of the utopian socialists were the Saint-Simonians. The specifically feminist part of Saint-Simonianism has, however, been less studied than the group’s contribution to early socialism. This is regrettable on two counts. By 1832 feminism was the central concern of Saint- Simonianism and entirely absorbed its adherents’ energy. Hence, by ignoring its feminism, European historians have misunderstood Saint- Simonianism. Moreover, since many feminist ideas can be traced to Saint- Simonianism, European historians’ appreciation of later feminism in France and the United States remained limited. Saint-Simon’s followers, many of whom were women, based their feminism on an interpretation of his project to reorganize the globe by replacing brute force with the rule of spiritual powers. The new world order would be ruled together by a male, to represent reflection, and a female, to represent sentiment. This complementarity reflects the fact that, while the Saint-Simonians did not reject the belief that there were innate differences between men and women, they nevertheless foresaw an equally important social and political role for both sexes in their Utopia. Only a few Saint-Simonians opposed a definition of sexual equality based on gender distinction. This minority believed that individuals of both sexes were born similar in capacity and character, and they ascribed male-female differences to socialization and education. The envisioned result of both currents of thought, however, was that women would enter public life in the new age and that sexual equality would reward men as well as women with an improved way of life. According to the passage, the society envisioned by most Saint-Simonians would be one in which______.
A: It is aveod good day. isn’t it B: Yes. isn’t It’s wonderfulafler thelerrihledownpour(倾盆大雨) last night A: Yes. The air is so fresh and the grmss looks so green! B: Let’s hope it stays nlce for the whole day. A: Well. theweather forecast says that we’tl have occasional raln (阵雨) this aftemoon. andthe lemperatum will drop to 10℃. B: Oh. the weather changes so quickly this time of years How about the weather this workend A: It’s going to be sunny. but a bit windy. B: That’s not too bad. How was the wealher yesterday ____________
目前扫描仪所使用的感光器件主要有三种：电荷耦合器件、接触式感光元件和 【18】 。
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