题目内容
Many objects in daily use have clearly been influenced by science, but their form and function, their dimensions and appearance were determined by technologists, artisans, designers, inventors, and engineers--using nonscientific modes of thought. Many features and qualities of the objects that a technologist thinks about cannot be reduced to unambiguous verbal descriptions; they are dealt with in the mind by a visual, nonverbal process. ①In the development of Western technology, it has he en nonverbal thinking, by and large, that has fixed the outlines and filled in the details; and rockets exist not because of geometry or thermodynamics (热力学), but because they were first a picture in the minds of those who built them. The creative shaping process of a technologist’s mind can be seen in nearly every artifact that exists. For example, in designing a diesel engine, a technologist might impress individual ways of nonverbal thinking on the machine by continually using an intuitive sense of rightness and fitness. What would be the shape of the combustion chamber Where should the valves be placed Should it have a long or short piston Such questions have a range of answers that are supplied by experience, by physical requirements, by limitations of available space, and not least by a sense of form. Some decisions, such as wall thickness and pin diameter, may depend on scientific calculations, but the nonscientific component of design remains primary. Design courses, then, should be an essential element in engineering curricula. Nonverbal thinking, a central mechanism in engineering design, involves perceptions, the stock in trade of the artist, not the scientist. ②Because perceptive processes are not assumed to entail. "hard thinking", nonverbal thought is sometimes seen as a primitive stage in the development of cognitive processes and infeiror to verbal or mathematical thought, ③But it is paradoxical that when the staff of the Historic American Engineering Record wished to have drawings made of machines and isometric(等比例 的)views of industrial processes for its historical record of American engineering, the only college students with the requisite abilities were not engineering students, but rather students attending architectural schools. ④If courses in design, which in a strong]y analytial engineering curriculum provide the backgound required" for practical problem solving, are not provided, we can expect to encounter silly but costly enors gccurring in advanced engineering systems. For example, early models of high-speed railroad cars loaded with high-tech controls were unable to operate in a snowstorm because the fan sucked snow into the electrical system. ⑤Absurd random failures that plague automatic control systems are not merely trivital aberrations(失常); they are a reflection of the chaos that results when design is assumed to be primarily a prgblem in mathematics: The example of the early models of high-speed railroad cars is used to ______.
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在本节中，你将听到10个简单话语，请从[A]，[B]，[C]三个选项中选出一个最佳应答，并标在试卷的相应位置。每个话语后有20秒停顿，以便选择答案和阅读下一问题。每个话语读两遍。
第一节 短文理解1根据短文内容，判断文后给出的陈述是否正确。认为正确的，选[A](True)；认为错误的，选[B](False)。 This is a picture of my family. The old man in the middle is my grandfather. The old woman beside him is my grandmother. This is my father. He is a Chinese teacher in my school. This is my mother. She is a teacher, too. She is an English teacher. The boy is me. I am eleven. I love my parents and my grandparents. They love me, too. My father is an English teacher.
第一节 短文理解1根据短文内容，判断文后给出的陈述是否正确。认为正确的，选[A](True)；认为错误的，选[B](False)。 This is a picture of my family. The old man in the middle is my grandfather. The old woman beside him is my grandmother. This is my father. He is a Chinese teacher in my school. This is my mother. She is a teacher, too. She is an English teacher. The boy is me. I am eleven. I love my parents and my grandparents. They love me, too. My father and mother are both teachers.
Fred liked fish very much, and when he had enough money, he bought some in the market, and took it home. But when his wife saw the fish, she always said to herself," Good! Now I will invite (邀请) my friends to lunch and we will eat the fish. They like fish very much. "So when Fred came home in the evening, the fish was never there, and his wife always said, "Oh, your cat ate it! She is a very bad animal!" And she gave Fred soup(汤) and bread for his dinner. But one evening when this happened, Fred became very angry. He took the eat and his wife to the shop near the house and weighed (秤重) the eat carefully. Then he turned to his wife and said, "My fish is here, you see, then where is my cat" Fred took the cat and his wife to the shop because he wanted ______.
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