题目内容

凸轮机构中______与从动杆间的相对运动为空间运动。

A. 平板凸轮
B. 圆柱凸轮
C. 盘形凸轮
D. 移动凸轮

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男性,28岁,哮喘急性发作已经2天,患者和家属情绪十分紧张。根据动脉血气分析结果,医生认为病情尚不严重,劝告患者及其家属不必过于紧张。血气分析除轻度低氧血症外,医生做出病情估计是根据下列指标中的

A. PaCO2降低,pH轻度偏碱
B. PaCO2正常,pH亦在正常范围
C. PaCO2升高,pH明显降低
D. PaCO2升高,pH正常
E. PaCO2升高,pH偏酸

To avoid the various foolish opinions to which mankind is liable, no superhuman genius is required. A few simple rules will keep you, not from all errors, but from silly errors. If the matter is one that can be settled by observation, make the observation yourself. Aristotle could have avoided the mistake of thinking that women have fewer teeth than men, by the simple device of asking Mrs. Aristotle to keep her mouth open while he counted. He did not do so because he thought he knew. Thinking that you know when in fact you don’’t is a fatal mistake, to which we are all liable. Many matters, however, are less easily brought to the test of experience. If, like most of mankind, you have strong convictions on many such matters, there are ways in which you can make yourself aware of your own prejudice. If an opinion contrary to your own makes you angry, that is a sign that you subconsciously are aware of having no good reason for thinking as you do. If someone maintains that two and two are five, or that Iceland is on the equator, you feel pity rather than anger, unless you know so little of arithmetic or geography that his opinion shakes your own contrary conviction. The most savage controversies are those about matters as to which there is no good evidence either way. So whenever you find yourself getting angry about a difference of opinion, be on your guard; you will probably find, on examination, that your belief is going beyond what the evidence justifies. For those who have enough psychological imagination, it is a good plan to imagine an argument with a person having a different opinion. This has one advantage, and only one, ascompared with actual conversation with opponents; this one advantage is that the method is not subject to the same limitations of time and space. Mahatma Gandhi (圣雄甘地) considered it unfortunate to have railways and steamboats and machinery; he would have liked to undo the whole of the industrial revolution. You may never have an opportunity of actually meeting anyone who holds this opinion, because in Western countries most people take the advantage of modern technology for granted. But if you want to make sure that you are right in agreeing with the prevailing opinion, you will find it a good plan to test the arguments that occur to you by considering what Gandhi might have said in refutation of them. I have sometimes been led actually to change my mind as a result of this kind of imaginary dialogue. Furthermore, I have frequently found myself growing more agreeable through realizing the possible reasonableness of a hypothetical opponent. Most people are unlikely to be subject to silly errors

A. when they do not violate the rules of observation and imagination.
B. if they refute their opponents’’ opinions in a fairly reasonable way.
C. unless they are convinced of their unjustifiable knowledge of things.
D. until they reconcile with their opponents through imaginary dialogue

If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile, you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems. Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view. Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different. If you are talking to a group of managers, you may refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries; alternatively if you are addressing secretaries, you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses. Here is an example, which I heard at a nurses’’ convention, of a story which works well because the audience all shared the same view of doctors. A man arrives in heaven and is being shown around by St. Peter. He sees wonderful accommodations, beautiful gardens, sunny weather, and so on. Everyone is very peaceful, polite and friendly until, waiting in a line for lunch, the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat, who rushes to the head of the line, grabs his food and stomps over to a table by himself. "Who is that" the new arrival asked St. Peter. "Oh, that’’s God,"came the reply,"but sometimes he thinks he’’s a doctor." If you are part of the group which you are addressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and it’’ 11 be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman’’ s notorious bad taste in ties. With other audiences you mustn’’ t attempt to cut in with humor as they will resent an outsider making disparaging remarks about their canteen or their chairman. You will be on safer ground if you stick to scapegoats like the Post Office or the telephone system. If you feel awkward being humorous, you must practice so that it becomes more natural. Include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remarks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner. Often it’’ s the delivery which causes the audience to smile, so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may help to show that you are making a light-hearted remark. Look for the humor. It often comes from the unexpected. A twist on a familiar quote "If at first you don’’t succeed, give up" or a play on words or on a situation.Search for exaggeration and understatements. Look at your talk and pick out a few words or sentences which you can turn about and inject with humor. To achieve the desired result, humorous stories should be delivered

A. in well-worded language.
B. as awkwardly as possible.
C. in exaggerated statements.
D. as casually as possible.

可以采用______的方法使并励直流电动机反转。

A. 对调转子绕组接头
B. 改变外加电压极性
C. 对调励磁绕组接头
D. 对调转子和励磁绕组接头
E. 改变转子绕组接头

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