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He always ____ that nobody knows better than him .
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Reading Comprehension (10points)Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.Spices not only enhance the flavour of foods we eat, but also have anti-microbial (抗微生物)properties that keep food from spoiling. In summer, meat products spoil much faster than vegetables due to growth of bacteria and other microbes. So if it is true that a major reason spicy foods have been popular for so long is because they help prevent spoilage, one might expect traditional meat dishes to be spicier than vegetable dishes. Here, the authors did a scientific analysis of the spiciness of dishes in more than 100 cookbooks from 36 countries and found exactly that.Spices are aromatic (芳香的)plant materials that are used in cooking. Recently it was hypothesized that spice use yields a health benefit: cleansing food of parasites(寄生虫) and pathogens (病原体)before it is eaten, thereby reducing food poisoning and foodborne illnesses. In support, most spices have anti-microbial properties and use of spices in meat-based recipes is greatest in hot climates, where the diversity and growth rates of microorganisms are highest. A critical prediction of the antimicrobial hypothesis is that spices should be used less in preparing vegetables than meat dishes. This is because cells of dead plants are better protected physically and chemically against bacteria and fungi than cells of dead animals (whose immune system ceased functioning at death), so fewer spices would be necessary to make vegetables safe for consumption. We tested this corollary (推论)by compiling information on 2,129 vegetable-only recipes from 107 traditional cookbooks of 36 countries. Analyses revealed that spice use increased with increasing ambient(外界的) temperature, but less dramatically than in meat-based recipes. In all 36 countries, vegetable dishes called for fewer spices per recipe than meat dishes; 27 of these differences were significant. Among 41 individual spices, 38 were used less frequently in vegetable recipes; 30 of these differences were significant. Proportions of recipes that called for spice were also much lower for vegetable dishes. By every measure, vegetable-based recipes were significantly less spicy than meat-based recipes. Within-country analyses control for possible differences in spice plant availability and degrees of cultural independence. Results thus strongly support the anti-microbial hypothesis.1. Spices are used______ .A) to preserve food from spoilingB) more in vegetables dishes than in meat dishesC) more frequently in those countries with low temperatureD) not only to enhance the flavour of foods, but also to keep food from spoiling2. What does the word 'that' at the end of the first paragragh refer to?______ A)Traditional meat dishes are spicier than vegetable dishes.B)Meat products spoil much faster than vegetables.C)Spices could cleanse food of parasites and reduce food poisoning.D)Spices help prevent spoilage of food.3. Spices are used fewer in vegetable dishes than in meat dishes because______ .A)people usually prefer vegetable dishes with a mild flavourB)spices will spoil the nutrients in vegetable dishesC)cells of dead plants are better protected against bacteria than cells of dead animalsD)spices are needed to get rid of the original unpleasant smell of the meat4. Which of the statements is NOT true according to the analysis of 2,129 vegetable-only dishes?______ A)In all the 36 countries, fewer spices are used in vegetable dishes than in meat dishes.B)All the spices are used less frequently in vegetable dishes.C)In 27 countries, spices used in vegetable dishes are much fewer than in meat dishes.D)Those countries with higher temperature use spices more.5. What is the comparative advantage of within-country analyses according to the passage?______ A)It is energy-saving and more convenient.B)Researchers could be more familiar with the taste of the people. C)People of one country have the same eating habits.D)Possible differences in spice plant availability and cultures could be controlled.
Banked Cloze (5 points) In this section there is a passage with 10 blanks and 15 words given. When you are living out of a backpack for a period of time, you may often get questioned why. I seldom get time to sit down and ______ the reason I travel, but I believe that you only begin to truly live once you step outside of your ______ zone.My first overseas trip was at 14 years old, which ______ my curiosity for the world. Since finishing high school I have ______ through various countries and been amazed by all the ______ cultures scattered around the globe. My eyes are my greatest asset as they have ______ the most beautiful scenes that replay in my mind every day: ______ landscapes, friendly locals, breath-taking architecture, and food that makes your mouth water once your eyes catch a(n) ______ .Travelling teaches you to be independent in the most ______ way. I know how to depend on myself, go out and meet people, and not let anyone else's expectations ______ my life.A)witnessed B)dense C)stunningD)cluster E)contemplate F)diverseG)stubborn H)glimpse I)venturedJ)extended K)sparked L)positiveM)comfort N)dictate O)tropical
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