题目内容
根据下列文章,请回答 23～30 题。
Exercising Your Memory
1 Aging does not mean a dramatic decline in memory power, unless you help it happen by letting your mind go．
2 That’s not to say that memory doesn’t change throughout life．Researchers divide memory into categories based on the Length of time when memories are stored．One system divides it up as short—term(1ess than one minute；Remembering a telephone number while you dial，for instance)，long-term(over a period of years)and very long-term memory(over a lifetime)．
3 Short．term memory isn’t mastered until about age 7．but after that you never lose it．Long-term memory, however，involves more effort and skill and changes more through life．It's not until the early teens(十几岁)that most people develop a mature long—term memory．
4 First，we must get information into our heads through learning．Learning strategies can get rusty(生锈的)without constant use．High school and college students，who are forced to repeatedly exercise their long-term memory abilities(at least long—term enough to get them through a final exam)，usually do well on memory tests．The longer you stay in school。the more chance you get to polish your learning skills．It's no wonder that more highly educated people have more effective memory skills throughout life．
5 Although older people in general learn somewhat more slowly than they did when younger, a dramatic difference exists between those who stay intellectually active reading，discussing，taking classes，thinking——and those who do not．Giving the brain a daily workout(锻炼)is just as important as exercising your muscles．Brainwork keeps your learning strategies in shape，and this helps your memory to function at full capacity．
6 The next part of a healthy long—term memory is retention(记忆力)，the ability to store what you have learned．Memory researchers still do not know whether memories are lost——whether they still exist in the brain but our mental searching cannot turn them up，or have disappeared entirely as our brain ages．
7 The third necessity for memory is recall。the ability to bring to mind the memories we have stored．Again。while aging has widely different effects on the recall abilities of different people。research indicates that the older we get，the longer it takes to recall facts．But slower recall is still recall．In fact．aging does not seem to have any effect on forgetting at all．which takes place at the same rate in younger and older people．
第 23 题 Paragraph 3__________
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根据下列文章,请回答 41～45 题。
Brain-dead Mother Dies after Giving Birth
Abrain-dead woman who was kept alive for three months SO she could deliver the child she was carrying was removed from life support on Wednesday and died．a day after giving birth．
“This is obviously a bittersweet time for our family。”Justin Torres，the woman’s brother-in-law。said In a statement．
Susan Torres，a cancer—stricken，26-year-old researcher at the National institutes of Health，suffered a stroke in May after the melanoma(黑瘤)spread to her brain．
Her family decided to keep her alive to give her foetus(胎儿)a chance．It became a race between the foetus’development and the cancer that was destroying the woman’s body．
Doctors said that Torres’ health was getting worse and that the risk of harm to the foetus finally outweighed the benefits of extending the pregnancy．
Torres gave birth to a daughter by Caesarean section(剖腹产手术)on Tuesday at Virginia Hospital Center．The baby was two months premature and weighed about；a kilogram．She was in the newborn intensive care unit．
Dr Donna Tilden-Archer，the hospital’s director of neonatology(新生儿学)，described the child as “very vigorous．”She said the baby had responded when she received stimulation，indicating she was healthy．
Doctors removed Torres from life support early Wednesday with the consent of her husband，Jason Torres，after she received the final sacrament(圣礼)of the Roman Catholic Church．
“We thank all of those who prayed and provided support for Susan，the baby and our family。”Jason Torres said in a statement．“We especially thank God for giving US little Susan．My wife’s courage will never be forgotten．”
English—language medical literature contains at least 11 cases since 1979 0f irreversibly brain-damaged women whose lives were prolonged for the benefit of the developing foetus，according to the University of Connecticut Health Center．
Dr Christopher McManus，who coordinated care for Susan Torres，put the infant’s chances of developing cancer at less than 25 per cent．He said l9 women who have had the same aggressive form. of melanoma as Torres have given birth．and five of their babies became ill with the disease．
第 41 题 Susan Torres died soon after
0ther countries are also expected to begin clinical gene therapy trials soon．
根据下列文章,请回答 36～40 题。
First Aid
First aid is emergency care for a victim ofsudden illness or injury until more skillful medical treatment is available．Itmay save a life or improve certain vital signs including pulse，temperature。aclear airway(气道)，and breathin9．In minor emergencies。First aid may prevent a victim'scondition from turning worse and provide relief from pain．First aid must beadministered as quickly as possible．In the case of the critically injured，a fewminutes can make the difference between complete recovery and loss of life．
First-aid measures depend upon a victim'sneeds and the provider's Level of knowledge and skill．Knowing what not to do inan emergency is as important as knowing
whatto do．Improperly moving a person with a neck injury, for example。can lead to permanentspinal(脊柱的)injury and paralysis(瘫痪)．
Despite the variety of injuries possible，severalprinciples of first aid apply to all emergencies．The first step is to call forprofessional medical help．The victim，if conscious。should be reassured that medicalaid has been requested，and asked for permission to provide any first aid．Next，assessthe scene，asking other people or the injured person's family or Mends aboutdetails of the injury or illness，any care that may have already been given，andpreexisting conditions such as diabetes(糖尿病)or heart trouble．The victim shouldbe checked for a medical bracelet(手镯)or card that describes special medicalconditions．Unless the accident scene becomes unsafe or the victim may sufferfurther injury, do not move the victim．
First aid requires rapid assessment ofvictims to determine whether life threatening conditions exist．one method forevaluating a victim's condition is known by the acronym(首字母缩写词)ABC，which standsfor：
A-Airway：is it open and clear7．
B-Breathing：Is the person breathing？ Look，listen，andfeel for breathing．
C-Circulation：Is there a pulse？ Is theperson bleeding externally？ Check skin color and temperature for additionalindications of circulation problems．
第 36 题 First aid may bring about all the following results Except
A．ifB．unlessC．whetherD．whereas
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