题目内容
Part A
Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)
Some countries are more populous; some have more crime. But in no other country are crime fighters quite so knowledgeable about citizens as in Britain. On January 4th a boastful Home Office detailed the triumphs of the world's biggest forensic DNA database, which holds samples from more than 5% of the entire population of England and Wales. Recent changes to the rules governing the database mean that it may eventually hold profiles from more than a fifth of all adults.
Once a country starts storing DNA samples from criminals it is hard to resist the urge to expand the collection. When the National DNA Database (NDNAD) was set up, in 1995, samples could only be taken from those charged with "recordable" offences. If a suspect was not tried, or was freed, the sample had to be destroyed and the profile removed from the database.
That law was abandoned in 2001, after two men who had been convicted of murder and rape had their cases overturned on appeal—the DNA evidence against them related to crimes they had not beep convicted of, and so ought to have been removed from the database. The change has led to the retention of around 200,000 samples that world previously have been destroyed. Some 7,591 of these were subsequently matched with samples from crime scenes, including those from 88 murders and 116 rapes. And since April 2004, police have been able to take and keep samples from anyone arrested for a recordable offence, even if charges do not ensue.
The main reason the NDNAD is larger than databases in other countries is that Britain was first to start using DNA as an investigative tool. So not only has it had time to collect more DNA samples, but it has also had longer to appreciate the sheer power of a large database. "Every other country that does databasing will get to where Britain is now," says Chris Asplen, a consultant to law enforcement agencies and governments on DNA technology.
The increased use of DNA evidence has given rise to intriguing new courtroom defences. DNA tests are now so sensitive that they can detect if a person has sneezed or sweated near an object. John Swain, a barrister with a background in biochemistry, recently defended a man charged with armed robbery. The defendant's DNA was on the gun that was used, but the defence argued that he might just have been near it after he had been to the gym, and that an errant bead of sweat could account for the presence of his DNA on a weapon he had never handled. He was declared not guilty.
The text mainly talks about
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A．Sub family.B．Bear family.C．Raccoon family.D．Not sure.
A．Because she hadn't heard of the writer at the time.B．Because it wasn't on any of the
A．Research methods and lines of approach.B．Aims and objectives.C．Key problems and rese
听力原文： The Giant Panda is also known as the "Panda Bear", "Bamboo Bear", or in Chinese as "Daxiongmao", which means "large bear cat". The scientific name means "black and white cat-footed animal".
As for the history of the Giant Panda, it is said that the earliest appearance of the Panda was somewhere between the late Pliocene or early Pleistocene periods—two to three million years ago.
Panda fossils have been discovered in the areas of Burma and Vietnam and in particular, East China, as far north as Beijing.
In the second century AD the Giant Panda was a rare and semi-divine animal inside China. In the Han Dynasty, the emperor's garden, in what was then known as the capital—Xi'an, held nearly 40 rare animal species, of which the panda was the most highly treasured.
Scientists have debated for more than a century whether Giant Pandas actually do belong to the bear family or whether they are more related to the raccoon family or perhaps a separate family of their own. This is because the Giant Panda and its cousin, "the Lesser" or "Red Panda", share many characteristics with both bears and raccoons.
Recent DNA analysis indicates that Giant Pandas are most definitely of the bear species although different enough to be put into its own sub family. The red pandas are more closely related to raccoons. Giant Pandas are categorized in the bear family while Red Pandas are categorized in the raccoon family.
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