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A father"s relationship to his child"s current and future academic success and the level of his or her development in academic potential and scholastic achievement are both factors with some rather interesting implications that educators are beginning to study and appraise. As a matter of fact, "life with father", has been discovered to be a very important factor in determining a child"s progress or lack of progress in school. A recent survey of over 16,000 children made by the National Child Development Study in London, England, revealed that children whose fathers came to school conferences and accompanied their children on outings did measurably better in school than did those children x, hose fathers were not involved in these activities. The study, which monitored children born during a week in March, 1958, from the time of their birth through the years of their early schooling, further revealed that the children of actively involved fathers scored as much as seven months higher in reading and maths than did those children whose only involved parent was the mother. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the role played by fathers in the raising of a child. It indicated a much higher level of parental involvement by the father than had been anticipated. Over 66% of the fathers were said to have played a major role in parental responsibility. The study also suggested that the greatest level of parental parenting took place in the families of only children. As the number of children and financial obligations increased, the father"s apparent interest and involvement with the children decreased. However, no matter what the size of financial condition of the family, a father"s active participation in the child"s development made great difference in the children"s progress. The study further revealed that while the frequency of overnight absences reflected a corresponding deficiency of the child"s level in maths and reading, a father"s employment on late shifts appeared to have little effect on the child"s academic progress. The data from the study was obtained primarily through interviews with parents, teachers and physicians. The information evaluating the level of the father"s parenting performance was elicited primarily from the admittedly subjective observations of their wives. Evidence indicated that a high percentage of fathers were involved in the parenting process,which amounted to______
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A lot of people believe that television has a harmful effect on children. A few years ago, the same criticisms were made of the cinema. But although child psychologists have spent a great deal of time studying this problem, there is not much evidence that "television brings about juvenile delinquency. Few people in the modern world share the views of parents a hundred years ago. In those days, writers for children carefully avoided any reference to sex in their books but had no inhibitions about including scenes of violence. These days children are often brought up to think freely about sex but violence is discouraged. Nevertheless, television companies receive a large number of letters every week complain about programmes with adults themes being shown at times when a few young children may be awake. Strangely enough, the parents who complain about these programmes see no harm in cartoon films for children in which the villain, usually either an animal or a monster, but in some cases a human being, suffers one brutal punishment after another. The fact is that, as every parent knows, different things frighten different children. One child can read a ghost story without having bad dreams while another cannot bear to have the book in his room. In the same way, there is little consistency about the things that terrify adults. Almost every one has an irrational private fear but while some of us cannot stand the sight of spiders, for example, others are frightened of snakes or rats. The evidence collected suggests, however, that neither the subject nor the action in itself frightens children. The context in which cruelty or violence occurs is much more important. A good guide to what is psychologically healthy for a small child is therefore provided by a television series in which a boy and a girl are supposed to be exploring distant planets with their parents. In each story, they encounter strange monsters and find themselves in dangerous situations but the parents are reassuring and sensible, as a child"s parents should be in real life. There is an adult character who is a coward and a liar, but both the children are brave and of course every story ends happily. Some people think children should be exposed to the problems of real life as soon as possible. But they cannot help seeing these through new programmes. When they are being entertained, the healthiest atmosphere is one in which the hero and heroine are children like themselves who behave naturally and confidently in any situation. The television series mentioned is healthy in that______
A father"s relationship to his child"s current and future academic success and the level of his or her development in academic potential and scholastic achievement are both factors with some rather interesting implications that educators are beginning to study and appraise. As a matter of fact, "life with father", has been discovered to be a very important factor in determining a child"s progress or lack of progress in school. A recent survey of over 16,000 children made by the National Child Development Study in London, England, revealed that children whose fathers came to school conferences and accompanied their children on outings did measurably better in school than did those children x, hose fathers were not involved in these activities. The study, which monitored children born during a week in March, 1958, from the time of their birth through the years of their early schooling, further revealed that the children of actively involved fathers scored as much as seven months higher in reading and maths than did those children whose only involved parent was the mother. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the role played by fathers in the raising of a child. It indicated a much higher level of parental involvement by the father than had been anticipated. Over 66% of the fathers were said to have played a major role in parental responsibility. The study also suggested that the greatest level of parental parenting took place in the families of only children. As the number of children and financial obligations increased, the father"s apparent interest and involvement with the children decreased. However, no matter what the size of financial condition of the family, a father"s active participation in the child"s development made great difference in the children"s progress. The study further revealed that while the frequency of overnight absences reflected a corresponding deficiency of the child"s level in maths and reading, a father"s employment on late shifts appeared to have little effect on the child"s academic progress. The data from the study was obtained primarily through interviews with parents, teachers and physicians. The information evaluating the level of the father"s parenting performance was elicited primarily from the admittedly subjective observations of their wives. Children who generally tended to progress academically were______
The use of nuclear power has already spread all over the world. (1)_____, scientists still have not agreed with what should be done with the large (2)_____ of waste materials that (3)_____ to increase every year. Most waste materials (4)_____ of simply by placing them somewhere. But nuclear waste must be (5)_____ with great care. It (6)_____ dangerous radiation and it will continue to be (7)_____ for hundreds of thousands, even millions of years. How should we get (8)_____ of such waste material in such a way (9)_____ it will not harm the (10)_____ Where can we (11)_____ distribute it One idea is to put this radioactive waste inside a thick container, which is (12)_____ dropped to the deep bottom of the ocean. (13)_____ some scientists believe that this way of (14)_____ nuclear waste could kill fish and other living things in the oceans or interfere (15)_____ their growth. Another way to (16)_____ nuclear waste is to send it into space, to the sun, (17)_____ it would be burned. Other scientists suggest that this polluting material be (18)_____ thousands of meters under the earth"s surface. Such underground areas must be free (19)_____ possible earthquakes, and advances are being made. But it may still be many years (20)_____ this problem could be finally settled.
The long year of food shortage in this country have suddenly given way to apparent abundance. Stores and shops are choked with food. Rationing(定量供应) is virtually suspended, and overseas suppliers have been asked to hold back deliveries. Yet, instead of joy, there is widespread uneasiness arid confusion. Why do food prices keep on rising, when there seems to be so much more food about Is the abundance only temporary, or has it come to stay Does it mean that we need to think less now about producing more food at home No one knows what to expect. The recent growth of export-surpluses on the world food market has certainly been unexpectedly great, partly because a strange sequence of two successful grain harvests in North America is now being followed by a third. Most of Britain"s overseas suppliers of meat, too, are offering more this and home production has also risen. But the effect of all this on the food situation in this country has been made worse by a simultaneous rise in food prices, due chiefly to the gradual cutting down of government support for food. The shops are overstocked with food not only because there is more food available, but also because people, frightened by high prices, are buying less of it. Moreover, the rise in domestic prices has come at a time when world prices have begun to fall, with the result that imported food, with the exception of grain, is often cheaper than the home -produced variety. And now grain prices too are falling. Consumers are beginning to ask why they should not be enabled to benefit from this trend. The significance of these developments is not lost on farmers. The older generation have seen it all happen before. Despite the present price and market guarantees, farmers fear they are about to be squeezed between cheap food imports and a shrinking home market. Present production is running at 51 percent above pre-war levels, and the government has called for an expansion to 60 percent by 1956; but repeated ministerial advice is carrying little weight and the expansion program is not working very well. The drop of the world food prices was a result of______
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