For one thing, tightness in the job market seems to have given men an additional incentive to take jobs where they can find them. Although female dominated office and service jobs for the most part, rank lower in pay and status, "they’re still there," says June O’Neill, director of program and policy research at the institute. Traditionally mate blue-collar jobs, meanwhile, "aren’t increasing at all". At the same time, she says, "The outlooks of young people are different." Younger men with less rigid views on what constitutes male or female work "may not feel there’s such a stigma to work in a female dominated field." Although views have softened, men who cross the sexual segregation line in the job market may still face discrimination and ridicule. David Anderson, a 36-year-old former high school teacher, says he found secretarial work "a way out of teaching and into the business world". He had applied for work at 23 employment agencies for "management training jobs that didn’t exist", and he discovered that "the best skill ! had was being able to type 70 words a minute". He took a job as a secretary to the marketing director of a New York publishing company. But he says he could feel a lot of people wondering what he was doing there and if something was wrong with him. Mr. Anderson’s boss was a woman. When she asked him to fetch coffee, he says, "The other secretaries’ eyebrows went up." Sales executives who came in to see his boss, he says, "couldn’t quite believe that I could and would type, take dictation, and answer the phones." Males sometimes find themselves mistaken for higher status professionals. Anthony Shee, a flight attendant with U.S. Air Inc., has been mistaken for a pilot. Mr. Anderson, the secretary, says he found himself being "treated in executive tones whenever I wore a suit". In fact, the men in traditional female jobs often move up the ladder fast. Mr. Anderson actually worked only seven months as a secretary. Then he got a higher level, better paying job as a placement counselor at an employment agency. "I got a lot of encouragement to advance," he says, "including job tips from male executives who couldn’t quite see me staying a secretary." Experts say, for example that while men make up only a small fraction of elementary school teachers, a disproportionate number of elementary principals are men. Barbara Bergmann, an economist at the University of Maryland who has studied sex segregation at work, believes that’s partly because of "sexism in the occupational structure" and partly because men have been raised to assert themselves and to assume responsibility. Men may also feel more compelled than women to advance, she suspects. According to the passage, which statement is TRUE
A. Only younger men have the courage to work in a female dominated field.
B. Some men would not like to take blue-collar jobs because they are too tough.
C. Although the jobs in female dominated careers pay lower, men still take them.
D. Men have taken jobs in female dominated careers because these jobs pay mor
If an occupation census had been taken in the eleventh century,it would probably have revealed that quite 90%of the people were country dwellers who drew their livelihood from farming,herding,fishing,or the forest.An air photograph taken at that time would have revealed a sprinkling of villages,linked together by un—surfaced roads and more than 10,000 persons.A second picture,taken in the mid—fourteenth century would show that the villages had grown larger,more numerous,and also more widespread,for Europeans had pushed their frontier outward by clearing,draining,and settling new areas.There would be more people on the road,rivers and seas,carrying food or raw materials to towns which had increased in number,size and importance. But a photograph taken about 1450 would reveal that little further expansion had taken place during the preceding hundred years. Any attempt to describe the countryside during those centuries is beset by two difficulties.In the first place we have to examine the greater part of Europe’s 3,50,000 square miles,and not merely the Mediterranean lands.In the second place the inhabitants of that wide expanse refuse to fit into one standard pattern or to stand still. There is variety and there is change.①Consequently, as a distinguished student of medieval rural life once remarked, "In the history of land problems, there is no sin like the sin of generalization" and "There is no heresy about the Middle Ages quite so pernicious(有害的)as the theory that they were unchanging." In the early days of studying economic history it was customary to describe a "typical" manor and give the impression that all rural life was of this kind. But a vast amount of research has been done since then, for the field is an interesting one, the documents are abundant in some countries, the work calls for great patience and skill, and the results may be revolutionary. From such arduous (辛勤的) labor Professor Eileen Power emerged with the conclusion that "manor" was a term about as descriptive as the word "mammal". ②After equally arduous effort Professor Kosminsky defined the manor as a community in which unfree villagers (villains, serfs")cultivated their lord’s domain as the price of their serfdom and of their use of a holding of land. He then discovered that even in the English midlands, the stronghold of manors, only about 60% of the territory was "manorial" in 1279. The remaining 40% was non-manorial; it had no unfree tenants, or it had no domain, or it was all domain and had no villain holdings. In France and other continental regions research is revealing similar diversity. After reading a recent study of the seigniorial (领主的) system in Lorraine, one reviewer threw up his hands and exclaimed, "The more we look at things, the more they appear complicated.\ The word "heresy" (Line 7, Par
A. 2) most probably means ______.A. an opinion of worshipping GodB. a belief against what is establishedC. an advocate of returning to the pastD. an act that runs counter to public interests
(3~5题共用病例)23岁妇女,停经lO周,阴道不规则流血10余天,量不多,呈暗红色,血中伴有小水泡物,妇科检查:B.Pl40/90mmH9,子宫前倾,如孕4个月大,两侧附件可触到鹅卵大、囊性、活动良好、表面光滑的肿物。 一旦以上诊断明确,首选的处理方法是
A. 化疗
B. 止血
C. 抗生素控制感染
D. 清官术
E. 全子宫切除术