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据估计，今天在美国有6000家公司推行“雇员拥有股票计划”，其中包括西尔斯一罗伯克百货公司、美国电话电报公司等。“雇员拥有股票计划”在这些公司的推行，使工人们积极地经营他们的公司，产生了一种充满活力的责任感，在生产率、高质量和低成本等方面取得了巨大的成就。美国争取雇员拥有股票全国委员会对350家高技术公司所作的一项调查发现，利用雇员拥有股票计划的公司要比没有利用这种计划的公司发展快2～4倍。随着这一计划的推行，到2000年，全美国有25%的雇员分享他们公司的所有权。这种迅速出现的“工人资本主义”概念也适用于相当大部分的美国经济。但是工人拥有股票不会轻易转变为工人管理。有的工人股东说：“我看不出有什么变化。一切都和以前一模一样。”也有的工人股东认为，在“雇员拥有股票计划”下，越是尽力干，得到的就越多。(摘自W.E.哈拉尔著的《新资本主义》。) 根据材料请评析工人股东的两种看法。
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Thirty-one million Americans are over 60 years of age, and twenty-nine million of them are healthy, busy, productive citizens. By the year 2030, one in every five people in the United States will be over 60. people are members of the fastest-growing minority in this country. Many call this the "graying of America". In 1973, a group called the "Gray Panthers" was organized. This group is made up of young and old citizens. They are trying to deal with the special problems of growing old in America. The Gray Panthers know that many elderly people have health problems; some cannot walk well, others cannot see or hear well. Some have financial problems; prices are going up so fast that the elderly can’’t afford the food, clothing, and housing they need. Some old people are afraid and have safety problems. Others have emotional problems. Many elderly are lonely because of the death of a husband or a wife. The Gray Panthers know another fact, too. Elderly people want to be as independent as possible. So, the Gray Panthers are looking for ways to solve the special problems of the elderly. The president of the Gray Panthers is Maggie Kuhn, an active woman in her late 70s. She travels across the United States, educating both young and old about the concerns of elders. One of the problems she talks about is where and how elders live. She says that Americans do not encourage elders to live with younger people. As far as Maggie Kuhn is concerned, only elders who need constant medical care should be in nursing homes. Maggie Kuhn knows that elders need education, too. She spends lots of time talking to groups of older Americans. She encourages them to continue to live in their own houses if it is possible. She also tells them that it is important to live with younger people and to have children around them. This helps elders to stay young at heart. One of the problems Maggie Kuhn talks about is_____.
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