In your university work, you will be expected to give oral presentations in the form of re- ports or simply in the form of answers to questions. There are several things you can do to make your oral presentations clear and easy to understand. The Cumdamental point to realize is that speech and writing are different. If you want to be best understood, you can’t simply read your written report aloud. The biggest difference between spoken and written language is that readers can look back over the printed words when they don’t understand. In spoken language, however, listeners can’t go back and check the words. They can rely only on memory. So the first principle to keep in mind when you’re planning to speak in public is that you have to help the listener’s memory. This means that an oral report can’t deliver information as rapidly as a written report. That is, you can’t have as many pieces of new information packed into the same number of words, because they will come at too fast a rate for the listener to understand. In an oral report, the rate of delivery has to be slower. One of the best ways to help your audience is simply to speak slowly. Many people speak too fast when they speak to a group. This is a mistake, especially if you have a foreign accent, because it makes listening more difficult. Beyond the simple technique of speaking more slowly when you speak before a group, there are ways of organizing your presentation that can help the listener make clear and understand your main points. The organization of your talk should allow enough time for the listener to think both before and after each new idea. The purpose of the time before the new information is to give the audience a chance to understand the background clearly. Knowledge of the background, or setting of the information occurs too early, without enough background, the listeners should not be prepared with enough background to be able .to predict what’s coming. I’ve been describing the time for thinking before the new information. It’s also important to provide time for thinking after the new information. This thinking time allows listeners to fit the idea into their general knowledge of the subject. Thinking time gives the listener a chance to make sure that idea was understood before going on to the next new idea. There are three general ways to give the listener time for thinking and time after a point of new information. One way is simply to pause. A moment of silence gives the listener time to take in the new information, but there are other ways. A second method is to use a paraphrase. That is, you say the same thing, but in different words. This paraphrase, or repetition of the idea, helps the listeners to fix the thought in their memory. A third way to give the listener time to think to use words that don’t mean much. These are words that convey no information, but just fill time. For instance, you might say something like "as I’ve been saying" or "and so forth" and "and so on". That kind of expression doesn’t really say anything. It’s just made of what we call "filler words". The words have no real meaning, but they do perform a useful function, since they allow the listener time to think. In summary, then, we know that oral language should deliver information at a slower rate than you can use in written language. New information should be presented more gradually. Thinking time should be provided both before and after each important new item. The time before is to provide a background so that the listeners can have a chance to anticipate the idea. The time after is allow the listeners a chance to understand what they just heard. The three most common ways to allow this thinking time are: (1) to pause, (2) to paraphrase, and (3) to use filler words. I hope that these advices will help make your oral presentations a great success. What does repetition of ideas mean
Z市A房地产开发公司在W市城市规划区内,取得了一块建设用地使用权,该项目计划总投资5000万元。该项目开发临街部分建5层商场。其余建设商品住宅。A房地产开发公司为融通资金,一方面通过金融贷款取得部分建设资金;另一方面,通过预售其建设的商品房,取得部分建设资金。A房地产开发公司取得《商品房预售许可证》后,委托B房地产公司代理预售商品房,预售期间,2010年3月1日,A房地产开发公司与王某签订了商品房预售合同,每平方米合同价格为2000元,合同约定建筑面积都为100平方米。后A房地产开发公司经过有关部门批准,对包括王某所预购的商品房户型进行了变更。经确权登记,王某所预购的商品房建筑面积为104平方米。2011年5月1日,该项目建成后,2011年7月1日A房地产开发公司将该商场租给D公司进行经营;而D公司由于自身原因,又将该承租商场转租给孙某。 在房地产代理销售企业代理商品房预售中,下列关于对B房地产公司的要求,表述不正确的是( )。
A. 房地产代理销售企业应当在商品房预售合同签订之日起30日内持商品房预售合同到县级以上人民政府房产管理部门和土地管理部门办理登记备案手续
B. 应当向买受人出具商品房的有关证件
C. 不得收取佣金以外的其他费用
D. 发布商品房预售广告,但不得涉及装修内容