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Paradoxical alkaline urine in metabolic acidosis always indicates ()

A. Severe hyponatremia.
B. Severe hypernatremia.
C. Severe hypokalemia.
D. Renal tubular acidosis.
E. All above is not.

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Mixed Acid-Base Disorders excludes ()

A. Respiratory alkalosis + metabolic acidosis.
B. Respiratory acidosis + metabolic acidosis.
C. Metabolic alkalosis + metabolic acidosis.
D. Respiratory alkalosis + metabolic alkalosis.
E. Respiratory acidosis + respiratory alkalosis.

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Which one of the following is the most important compensation on which a COPD patient with respiratory acidosis depends to maintain acid-base balance ()

A. Buffer effect of RBC and tissue cells.
Buffer effect of plasma buffer pairs.
C. Pulmonary compensation
D. Renal compensation.
E. Dissolution of calcium phosphate in bone

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Severe vomiting frequently develops into ()

A. Hypomagnemia.
B. Hyperkalemia .
C. Hypokalemia.
D. Hypernatremia.
E. Hyponatremia

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The main mechanism of pulmonary edema induced by left heart failure is ()

A. Increased capillary hydrostatic pressure.
B. Increased capillary permeability.
C. Decreased plasma colloid osmotic pressure.
D. Obstruction of lymphatic return.
E. All above is not.

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Paradoxical alkaline urine in metabolic acidosis always indicates ()

A. Severe hyponatremia. B. Severe hypernatremia. C. Severe hypokalemia. D. Renal tubular acidosis. E. All above is not.

Mixed Acid-Base Disorders excludes ()

Which one of the following is the most important compensation on which a COPD patient with respiratory acidosis depends to maintain acid-base balance ()

Severe vomiting frequently develops into ()

The main mechanism of pulmonary edema induced by left heart failure is ()

A. Severe hyponatremia.
B. Severe hypernatremia.
C. Severe hypokalemia.
D. Renal tubular acidosis.
E. All above is not.