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Passage TwoSome years ago industries had more freedom than they have now, and they did not need to be as careful as they must today. They did not need to worry a lot about the safety of the new products that they developed. They did not have to pay much attention to the health and safety of the people who worked for them. Often new products were dangerous for the people who used them; often conditions in the work place had very bad effects on the health of the workers.Of course sometimes there were real disasters which attracted the attention of governments and which showed need for changes. Also scientists who were doing research into the health of workers sometimes produced information which governments could not ignore. At such times, there were inquiries into the causes of the disaster or the problems. New safety rules were often introduced as a result of these inquiries; however, the new rule; came too late to protect the people who died or who became seriously ill.Today many governments have special departments which protect customers and workers. In the U.S., for example, there is a department which tests new airplanes and gives warnings about possible problems. It also makes the rules that aircraft producers must follow. Another department controls the foods and drugs that companies sell. A third department looks at the places where people work, and then reports any companies that are breaking laws which protect the health and safety of workers. Of course, new government departments and new laws cannot prevent every accident or illness, but they are having some good results. Our work places are safer and cleaner than before. The planes and cars which we use for travel are better. Producers are thinking more about the safety and health of the people who buy and use their products. Some years ago safety rules （）
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Passage FourWhy is there no risk to the customer when a bank prints the customer’s name to his chequesWhen anyone opens a current account at a bank, he is lending the bank money, repayment of which he may demand at any time, either in cash or by drawing a check in favor of another person. Primarily, the bank-customer relationship is that of debtor and creditor who is which depending on whether the customer’s account is in credit or overdrawn. But, in addition to that basically simple concept, the bank and its customer owe a large number of obligations to one another. Many of these obligations can give rise to problems and complications but a bank customer, unlike, say, a buyer of goods, cannot complain that the law is loaded against him. The bank must obey its customer’s instructions, and not those of anyone else. When, for example, a customer first opens an account, he instructs the bank to debit (把……记入借方) his account only in respect of checks drawn by himself. He gives the bank specimens of his signature, and there is a very firm rule that the bank has no right or authority to pay out a customer’s money on a check on which its customer’s signature has been forged. It makes no difference that the forgery may have been a very skillful one: the bank must recognize its customer’s signature. For this reason there is no risk to the customer in the practice, adopted day banks, of printing the customer’s name on his checks, ff this facilitates forgery, it is the bank which will lose, not the customer. The underlined part "the law is loaded against him" in the second paragraph is most likely to mean （）
A pet is an animal that (21) in your house. Over half the families in North America own pets. The most popular (22) are dogs, fish and birds. Rabbits, hamsters and turtles are also popular. Even some unpopular animals such as frogs, mice and snakes are pets.People first (23) to keep pets about 12,000 years ago. The first pet was a dog. The dog did not become a pet because people (24) it was cute. It became a pet because it was useful. People used the dog for many things. The dog warned people (25) danger so wild animals didn’t attack people. It also ate left-over food. Later, dogs helped people take care (26) cows and sheep on farms.Cats did not (27) pets for a long time. When the Egyptians first started to grow grain, mice ate it. The Egyptians were (28) to tame cats.Today, people keep many (29) of pets. Animals such as canaries, parrots, mice and hamsters live in cages. They need people to bring them food and water and to keep their cages clean. Other animals, such as dogs and cats, need food and water, but they can take care of themselves (30) .They are good pets for people because they don’t need much care. 28（）
A pet is an animal that (21) in your house. Over half the families in North America own pets. The most popular (22) are dogs, fish and birds. Rabbits, hamsters and turtles are also popular. Even some unpopular animals such as frogs, mice and snakes are pets.People first (23) to keep pets about 12,000 years ago. The first pet was a dog. The dog did not become a pet because people (24) it was cute. It became a pet because it was useful. People used the dog for many things. The dog warned people (25) danger so wild animals didn’t attack people. It also ate left-over food. Later, dogs helped people take care (26) cows and sheep on farms.Cats did not (27) pets for a long time. When the Egyptians first started to grow grain, mice ate it. The Egyptians were (28) to tame cats.Today, people keep many (29) of pets. Animals such as canaries, parrots, mice and hamsters live in cages. They need people to bring them food and water and to keep their cages clean. Other animals, such as dogs and cats, need food and water, but they can take care of themselves (30) .They are good pets for people because they don’t need much care. 24（）
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