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Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behavior agree that there is virtually an epidemic of sleepiness in the nation. "I can’t think of a single study that hasn’t found Americans getting (62) sleep than they ought to." says Dr. David. (63) people who think they are Sleeping enough would probably be better (64) with more rest. The beginning of our sleep deficit crisis can be (65) to the invention of the light bulb a century ago. From diary entries and other personal (66) from the 18th and 19th centuries, sleep scientists have reached the (67) that the average person used to sleep about 9.5 hours a night. "The best sleep habits once were (68) on us, when we had nothing to do in the evening down on the farm, and it was dark." By the 1950s and 1960s, that sleep schedule had been reduced (69) , to between 7.5 and 8 hours, and most people had to wake to an alarm clock. "People cheat on their sleep, and they don’t even (70) they’re doing it," says Dr. David. "They think they’re okay because they can get (71) on 6.5 hours, when they really need 7.5, 8 or even more to feel ideally (72) " Perhaps the most merciless robber of sleep, researchers say, is the (73) of the day. Whenever pressures from work, family, friends and community (74) , many people consider sleep the least (75) item on the agenda. "In our soci-ety, you’re considered (76) it’ you say you only need 5.5 hours’ sleep. If yon say you’ve got to get 8.5 hours, people think you lack (77) and ambition." To assess the (78) of sleep deficit, researchers have put subjects (79) a set of psychological and performance tests requiring them, for instance, to add columns of numbers or recall a passage read to them only minutes earlier. "We’ve found that if you’re sleep-deprived, performance (80) ," says Dr. David. "Short-term memory is impaired, (81) are abilities to make decisions and to concentrate."
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Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
1．上图所示为我国近年来参加志愿活动的大学生人数，请描述其变化； 2．请分析变化的原因； 3．作为大学生，你对志愿活动有什么看法
国际企业安排培训对象时应考虑哪几类人员
Section ADirections: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Please write your answers on Answer Sheet 2. A late surge in university applications is putting extra pressure on sixth-formers to achieve top grades in their exams. Figures out today show almost an 8 per cent increase-about 42,000-in applications for full-time study at university, the biggest in eight years, with many of the applications received in December and January. The recession and rising unemployment have been blamed for the increase. The high number of applications will mean that pupils who are offered places on popular courses, or at prestigious universities, who do not attain their predicted grades will have less room for tactic. Adults hoping to retrain are also fuelling the boom: the number of applications from candidates aged over 24 rose by 12.6 per cent. This is despite a withdrawal of funding for people wanting to retrain in a different sphere, by studying an equivalent or lower qualification than one they already held. Universities and higher education groups welcomed the increase in applications but criticised the Government for restricting places and funding. Wes Streeting, president of the National Union of Students, said: "It is hugely encouraging to see a record-breaking number of applications to Britain’s universities, but we remain concerned about the number of places available as a result of the cap on numbers imposed by the Government. While Some had speculated that demand would fall, applicants of all ages are clearly making the correct assessment that it is better to invest now in their education and training." "We understand the pressures on public finances, but the Government must also make the right long-term decisions. It is surely better to bear the cost of additional university places now than to shoulder the burden of long-term unemployment later." Diana Warwick, chief executive of Universities UK, which represents vice-chancellors, said: "Applicants are making informed choices and thinking carefully about the value of higher education." "With the increase in mature applicants, it is encouraging that people are looking to upskill during a difficult time for the jobs market." "We call on government to ensure that this growth is matched with continued financial support," she added. Due to the surge in university applications, the six-formers have to face______than previous years.
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