Organised volunteering and work experience has long been a vital companion to university degree courses. Usually it is left to (1) to deduce the potential from a list of extracurricular adventures on a graduate's resume, (2)now the University of Bristol has launched an award to formalise the achievements of students who (3) time to activities outside their courses. Bristol PLuS aims to boost students in an increasingly(4)jobs market by helping them acquire work and life skills alongside(5)qualifications."Our students are a pretty active bunch but we found that they didn't (6)appreciate the value of what they did(7)the lecture hall," says Jeff Goodman, director of careers and employability at the university. "Employers are much more (8)than they used to be. They used to look for(9)and saw it as part of their job to extract the value of an applicant's skills. Now they want students to be able to explain why those skills are(10)to the job."Students who sign(11) for the award will be expected to complete 50 hours of work experience or (20)work, attend four workshops on employability skills, including interview techniques, take part in an intensive skills-related activity (13), crucially, write a summary of the skills they have gained.(14)efforts will gain an Outstanding Achievement Award. Those who(15) best on the sports field can take the Sporting PluS Award which fosters employer-friendly sports accomplishments.The experience does not have to be(16)organised. "We're not just interested in easily identifiable skills," says Goodman. " (17),one student took the lead in dealing with a difficult landlord and so(18)negotiation skills. We try to make the experience relevant to individual lives.Goodman hopes the(19)will enable active students to fill in any gaps in their experience and encourage their less-proactive(20)to take up activities outside their academic area of work. 16()
A. roughly
B. randomly
C. formally
D. fortunately
Picture a typical MBA lecture theatre twenty years ago. In it the majority of students will have conformed to the standard model of the time: male, middle class and Western. Walk into a class today, however, and you’ll get a completely different impression.For a start, you will now see plenty more women—the University of Pennsylvania’s Wharton School, for example, boasts that 40% of its new enrolment is female, you will also see a wide range of ethnic groups and nationals of practically every country. It might be tempting, therefore, to think that the old barriers have been broken down and equal opportunity achieved.But, increasingly, this apparent diversity is becoming a mask for a new type of conformity. Behind the differences in sex, skin tomes and mother tongues, there are common attitudes, expectations and ambitions which risk creating a set of clones among the business leaders of the future.Diversity, it seems, has not helped to address fundamental weaknesses in business leadership.So, what can be done to create more effective managers of the commercial world According to Valerie Gauthier, associate dean at HEC Paris, the key lies in the process by which MBA programmes recruit their students. At eh moment candidates are selected on a fairly narrow set of criteria such as prior academic and career performance, and analytical and problem solving abilities.This is then coupled to a school’s mixture of what a diverse class should look like, with the result that passport, ethnic origin and sex can all become influencing factors.But schools rarely dig down to attitude and approach—arguably the only diversity that, in a business context really matters. Professor Gauthier believes schools should not just be selecting candidates from traditional sectors such as banking, consultancy and industry.They should also be seeking individuals who have backgrounds in areas such as political science, the creative arts, history or philosophy, which will allow them to put business decisions into a wider context. Indeed, there does seem to be a demand for the more rounded leaders such diversity might create.A study by Mannaz, a leadership development company, suggests that, while the bully-boy chief executive of old may not have been eradicated completely, there is a definite shift in emphasis towards less tough styles of management—at least in America and Europe. Perhaps most significant,according to Mannaz, is the increasing interest large companies have in more collaborative management models, such as those prevalent in Scandinavia, which seek to integrate the hard and soft aspects of leadership and encourage delegated responsibility and accountability. What is the author’s concern about current business school education()
A. It will arouse students’ unrealistic expectation.
B. It will produce business leaders of a uniform style.
C. It focuses on theory rather than on practical skills.
D. It stresses competition rather than cooperation
What might women do at office meetings nowadays according to the speaker()
A. Offer more creative and practical ideas than men.
B. Ask questions that often lead to controversy.
C. Speak loudly enough to attract attention.
D. Raise issues on behalf of women.