题目内容
Unlike most sports, which evolved over time from street games, basketball was designed by one man to suit a particular purpose. The man was Dr. James Naismith, and his purpose was to invent a vigorous game that could be played indoors in the winter. In 1892, Naismith was an instructor at a training school, which trained physical education instructors for the YMCAs. That year the school was trying (1)______up with a physical activity that the men could enjoy (2)______ the football and base ball seasons. None of the standard indoor activities (3)______their interest for long. Naismith was asked to solve the problem by the school. He first tried to (4)______some of the popular outdoor sports, but they were all too rough. The men were getting bruised from tackling each other and (5)______hit with equipment. So, Naismith decided to invent a game that would incorporate the most common elements of outdoor team sports without having the real physical contact. Most popular sports used a ball. So he chose a soccer ball because it was soft and large enough that it (6)______no equipment, such as a bat or a racket to hit it. Next he decided (7)______ an elevated goal, so that scoring would depend on skill and accuracy rather than on (8)______ only. His goals were two peach baskets, (9)______to ten-foot-high balconies at each end of the gym. The basic (10)______of the game was to throw the ball into the basket. Naismith wrote rules for the game, (11)______of which, though with some small changes , are still (12)______effect. Basketball was an immediate success. The students (13)______it to their friends, and the new sport quickly (14)______on. Today, basketball is one of the most popular games (15)______the world.
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I am one of the many city people who are always saying that given the choice we would prefer to live in the country away from the dirt and noise of a large city. I have managed to convince myself that if it weren’’t for my job I would immediately head out for the open spaces and go back to nature in some sleepy village buried in the country. But how realistic is the dream Cities can be frightening places. The majority of the population live in massive tower blocks, noisy, dirty and impersonal. The sense of belonging to a community tends to disappear when you live fifteen floors up. All you can see from your window is sky, or other blocks of flats. Children become aggressive and nervous—cooped up at home all day, with nowhere to play; their mothers feel isolated from the rest of the world. Strangely enough, whereas in the past the inhabitants of one street all knew each other, nowadays people on the same floor in tower blocks don’’t even say hello to each other. Country life, on the other hand, differs from this kind of isolated existence in that a sense of community generally binds the inhabitants of small villages together. People have the advantage of knowing that there is always someone to turn to when they need help. But country life has disadvantages too. While it is true that you may be among friends in a village, it is also true that you are cut off from the exciting and important events that take place in cities. There’’s little possibility of going to a new show or the latest movie. Shopping becomes a major problem, and for anything slightly out of the ordinary you have to go on an expedition to the nearest large town. The city-dweller who leaves for the country is often oppressed by a sense of unbearable stillness and quiet. What, then, is the answer The country has the advantage of peace and quiet, but suffers from the disadvantage of being cut off; the city breeds a feeling of isolation, and constant noise batters the senses. But one of its main advantages is that you are at the centre of things, and that life doesn’’t come to an end at half-past nine at night. Some people have found (or rather bought) a compromise between the two: they have expressed their preference for the "quiet life" by leaving the suburbs and moving to villages within commuting distance of large cities. They generally have about as much sensitivity as the plastic flowers they leave behind—they are polluted with strange ideas a-bout change and improvement which they force on to the unwilling original inhabitants of the villages. What then of my dreams of leaning on a cottage gate and murmuring "morning" to the locals as they pass by. I’’m keen on the idea, but you see there’’s my cat, Toby. I’’m not at all sure that he would take to all that fresh air and exercise in the long grass. I mean, can you see him mixing with all those hearty males down the farm No, he would rather have the electric imitation-coal fire any evening. We get the impression from the first paragraph that the author_______.
Music comes in many forms; most countries have a style of their own. (56) the mm of the century when jazz was born, America had no prominent (57) of its own. No one knows exactly when jazz was (58) , or by whom. But it began to be (59) in the early 1900s. Jazz is America’s contribution to (60) music．In contrast to classical music, which (61) formal European traditions, jazz is spontaneous and free in form. It bubbles with energy, (62) the moods, interests, and emotions of the people. In the 1920s jazz (63) like America, and (64) it does to day. The (65) of this music are as interesting as the music (66) . American negroes, or blacks, as they are called today, were the jazz (67) . They were brought to Southern States (68) slaves. They were sold to plantation owners and forced to work long (69) . When a Negro died his friends and relatives (70) a procession to carry the body to the cemetery. In New Orleans, a band often accompanied the (71) . On the way to the cemetery the band played slow, solemn music suited to the occasion. (72) on the way home the mood changed．Spirits lifted．Death had removed one of their (73) , but the living were glad to believe. The band played (74) music, improvising(即兴表演) on both the harmony and the melody of the tunes (75) at the funeral. This music made everyone want to dance. It was an early form of jazz.
Why does the woman think it is no trouble to show the man the way
We’’ve just installed two air-conditioners in our apartment, _______should make great differences in our life next summer.
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