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临床常用的行针辅助手法有______、______ ______、______、______和______。

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抗组胺药

A. 心得安(普萘洛尔)
B. 萘普生
C. 赛庚啶
D. 麦角胺咖啡因
E. 舒马普坦

PART THREE · Read the following text. · Each question has four suggested answers or ways of finishing the sentence, A, B, C and D. · Mark one letter A, B, C or D for the answer you choose.Effective communication is essential for all organizations. It links the activities of the various parts of the organization and ensures that everyone is working toward a common goal. It is also extremely important for motivating employees. Staff need to know how they are getting on, what they are doing right and in which areas they could improve. Working alone can be extremely difficult and it is much easier if someone takes an interest and provides support. Employees need to understand why their job is important and how it contributes to the overall success of the firm. Personal communication should also include target setting. People usually respond well to goals, provided these are agreed between the manager and subordinate and not imposed.However, firms often have communications problems that can undermine their performance. In many cases, these problems occur because messages are passed on in an inappropriate way. There are, of course, several Ways of conveying information to others in the organization. These include speaking to them directly, e-mailing, telephoning or sending a memo. The most appropriate method depends on example, anything that is particularly sensitive or confidential, such as an employee’s appraisal, should be done face-to-face.One of the main problems for senior executives is that they do not have the time or resources needed to communicate effectively. In large companies, for example, it is impossible for senior managers to meet and discuss progress with each employee individually. Obviously this task can be delegated but at the cost of creating a gap between senior management and staff. As a result, managers are often forced to use other methods of communication, like memos or notes, even if they know these are not necessarily the most suitable means of passing on messages.The use of technology, such as e-mail, mobile phones and network systems, is speeding up communication immensely. However, this does not mean that more investment in technology automatically proves beneficial: system can become outdated or employees may lack appropriate training. There are many communications tools now available but a firm cannot afford all of them. Even if it could, it does not actually need them all. The potential gains must be weighed up against the costs, and firms should realize that more communication does not necessarily mean better communication.As the number of people involved in an organization increases, the use of written communication rises even faster. Instead of a quick conversation to sort something out numerous messages can be passed backwards and forward. This can lend to a tremendous amount of paperwork and is often less effective than face to face communication. When you are actually talking to someone you can discuss things until you are happy they have understood and feedback is immediate. With written messages, however, you are never quite sure how it will be received. What you think you have said and what the other person thinks you have said can be very different.The amount of written information generated in large organization today can lead to communication overload. So much information is gathered that it gets in the way of making decisions. Take a look at the average manager’s desk and you will see the problem—it is often covered in letter, reports and memos. This overload can lead to inefficiencies. For example, managers may not be able to find the information they want when they need it. Communication is also becoming more difficult with the changes occurring in employment patterns. With more people working part-time and working from home, managing communication is becoming increasingly complex. People usually respond well to goals that are ______.

It is quite reasonable to blame traffic jams, the cost of" gas and the great speed of modern life, but manners on the toad are becoming horrible. Eye,body knows that the nicest men would become fierce tigers behind the wheel. It is all right to have a tiger in a cage, but to have one in the driver’s seat is another matter. Road politeness is not only good manners, but good sense too. It takes the most cool-headed drivers great patience to give up the desire to beat back when forced to face rude driving. On the other hand, a little politeness goes a long way towards reducing the possibility of quarrelling and fighting. A friendly nod or a wave of thanks in answer to an act of politeness helps to create an atmosphere of good will and calmness so necessary in modern traffic conditions. But such behaviors of politeness are by no means enough. Many drivers nowadays don’t even seem able to recognize politeness when they see it. However, misplaced politeness can also be dangerous. Typical examples are the driver who waves a child crossing the street at a wrong place into the path of oncoming cars that may be not able to stop in time. The same goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they want to. An experienced driver, whose manners are faultless, told me it would help if drivers learnt to correctly join in traffic stream without causing total blockages that give rise to unpleasant feelings. Unfortunately, modern drivers can’t even learn to drive,let alone master the roadmanship. Years ago, experts warned us that the fast increase of the car ownership would demand more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time for all of us to take this message to heart. The passage mainly talks about______.

A. road politeness
B. traffic jams
C. good manners
D. modern drivers

Questions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage. In 1951, Time magazine set out to paint a portrait of the nation’s youth, those born into the Great Depression. It doomed them as the Silent Generation, and a generally dull lot: cautious and obedient, uninterested in striking out in new directions or shaping the great issues of the day—the outwardly efficient types whose inner agonies the novel "Revolutionary Road" would analyze a decade later. "Youth’s ambitions have shrunk," the magazine declared. "Few youngsters today want to mine diamonds in South Africa, ranch in Paraguay, climb Mount Everest, find a cure for cancer, sail around the world or build an industrial empire. Some would like to own a small, independent business, but most want a good job with a big firm, and with it, a kind of suburban idyll (田园活)." The young soldier "lacks flame," students were "docile notetakers." And the young writer’s talent "sometimes turns out to be nothing more than a byproduct of his nervous disposition." "The best thing that can be said for American youth, in or out of uniform, is that it has learned that it must try to make the best of a bad and difficult job, whether that job is life, war, or both," Time concluded. "The generation which has been called the oldest young generation in the world has achieved a certain maturity." Today we are in a recession the depth and duration of which are unknown; Friday’s job loss figures were just the latest suggestion that it could well be prolonged and profound rather than shorter and shallower. So what of the youth shaped by what some are already calling the Great Recession Will a publication looking back from 2030 damn them with such faint praise Will they marry, younger,be satisfied with stable but less exciting jobs Will their children mock them for reusing tea bags and counting pennies as if this paycheck were the last At the very least, they will deal with tremendous instability, just as their Depression forebears did. "The ’30s challenged the whole idea of the American dream, the idea of open economic possibilities,’’ said Morris Dickstein, an English professor at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York. "The version you get of that today is the loss of confidence on the part of both parent and children that life in the next generation will inevitably be better." How today’s young will be affected 10, 20 or 40 years on will depend on many things. If history. is any guide, what will matter most is where this recession generation is in the historical process. Morris Dickstein points out that people now ______.

A. tend to believe in a prosperous future
B. can rely on their children for a better life
C. lose faith in the open economic possibilities
D. was hopeless at a better life for their children

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