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下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。第一篇 U.S. States Do Poorly in Women’s Health Not a single U.S. state meets basic federal goals for women’s health, and the nation as a whole fails except in two areas -- mammograms (乳腺X光照片) and dental (牙齿的) check-ups -- researchers said on Thursday. Millions of women lack health insurance, and states make it difficult to enroll (加入) in Medicaid, the state-federal health insurance plan for the poor, according to the report. And few states are doing anywhere near enough to help women quit smoking -- the leading cause of death in the United States. "The nation as a whole and the individual states fall short of meeting national goals," reads the report, put together by the National Women’s Law Center and the Oregon Health & Science University. "These health goals provide a road map for assessing the status of women’s health." Of 27 measures examined by the group, from screening for diseases to actually treating them, the nation passes on only two, the researchers said. "The nation is so far from the health goals that it receives an overall grade of ’unsatisfactory’," they wrote. The problem seems to be a lack among states of an overall plan for health in general, the NWLC said. "State policy makers’ piecemeal (一件一件做的) approach to our health Care crisis has resulted in a complex and ineffective system that fails to meet the health care needs of women," Judy Waxman, NWLC Vice President for Health, said in a statement. "Lawmakers need to take a comprehensive, long-term approach to meeting women’s health needs and tackle this serious problem that troubles so many families." The national goals for women’s health make it easier to
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阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从 4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。 Preferences Vary on Circumstances of Dying Among terminally (晚期) ill people, attitudes differ on what they think constitutes a (51) or bad death, the results of a new study suggest. Dr. Elizabeth K. Vig of the University of Washington in Seattle and colleagues interviewed 26 men with (52) heart disease or cancer. The men were asked to describe good and bad deaths, and they also answered (53) about their preferences for dying. "In this small study, terminally ill men described good and bad deaths (54) ," Vig said. "They did not hold the same views about such issues (55) the presence of others at the very end of life or preferred location of death." Many of the men considered (56) in their sleep to be a good death. The reasons were varied and included not (57) that death was imminent (即将发生的), and that death would be painless. For close to half of the men, a prolonged (拖延的) death was (58) a bad death. Some of the men associated a prolonged death with prolonged pain, (59) others thought a prolonged death would be difficult for their families. Most men said that their (60) were very important to them, but this did not mean that they wanted relatives close at the (61) of death. "Valuing family did not also (62) wanting family present at the very end of life," Vig said. "In fact, some expressed concerns (63) burdening loved ones," Vig said. For instance, some men were worried about the emotional or (64) impact on their family members, according to the Washington researcher. Some were worried (65) their need for care would be a burden on their families, she said.
第三篇 Exercise Lowers Employers’ Health Costs Companies can save millions in health-care costs simply by encouraging their employees to exercise a little bit, researchers reported on Friday. They said obese (肥胖的) employees had higher health-care costs, but lowered those expenses by exercising just a couple of times a week -- without even losing any weight. Feifei Wang and colleagues at the University of Michigan studied 23,500 workers at General Motors. They estimated that getting the most sedentary (惯于久坐的) obese workers to exercise would have saved about $790,000 a year, or about 1.5 percent of health-care costs for the whole group. Company-wide, the potential savings could reach $7.1 million per year, they reported in the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Of the whole group of workers, about 30 percent were of normal weight, 45 percent were overweight (超重的), and 25 percent were obese. Annual health-care costs averaged $2,200 for normal weight, $2,400 for the overweight, and $2,700 for obese employees. But among workers who did no exercise, health-care costs went up by at least $100 a year, and were $3,000 a year for obese employees who were sedentary. But adding two or more days of light exercise -- at least 20 minutes of exercise or work hard enough to increase heart rate and breathing --lowered costs by on average $500 per employee a year, the researchers found. By encouraging its employees to exercise General Motors could save
第三篇 Exercise Lowers Employers’ Health Costs Companies can save millions in health-care costs simply by encouraging their employees to exercise a little bit, researchers reported on Friday. They said obese (肥胖的) employees had higher health-care costs, but lowered those expenses by exercising just a couple of times a week -- without even losing any weight. Feifei Wang and colleagues at the University of Michigan studied 23,500 workers at General Motors. They estimated that getting the most sedentary (惯于久坐的) obese workers to exercise would have saved about $790,000 a year, or about 1.5 percent of health-care costs for the whole group. Company-wide, the potential savings could reach $7.1 million per year, they reported in the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Of the whole group of workers, about 30 percent were of normal weight, 45 percent were overweight (超重的), and 25 percent were obese. Annual health-care costs averaged $2,200 for normal weight, $2,400 for the overweight, and $2,700 for obese employees. But among workers who did no exercise, health-care costs went up by at least $100 a year, and were $3,000 a year for obese employees who were sedentary. But adding two or more days of light exercise -- at least 20 minutes of exercise or work hard enough to increase heart rate and breathing --lowered costs by on average $500 per employee a year, the researchers found. For which group of the workers were the health-care costs the highest
阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从 4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。 Preferences Vary on Circumstances of Dying Among terminally (晚期) ill people, attitudes differ on what they think constitutes a (51) or bad death, the results of a new study suggest. Dr. Elizabeth K. Vig of the University of Washington in Seattle and colleagues interviewed 26 men with (52) heart disease or cancer. The men were asked to describe good and bad deaths, and they also answered (53) about their preferences for dying. "In this small study, terminally ill men described good and bad deaths (54) ," Vig said. "They did not hold the same views about such issues (55) the presence of others at the very end of life or preferred location of death." Many of the men considered (56) in their sleep to be a good death. The reasons were varied and included not (57) that death was imminent (即将发生的), and that death would be painless. For close to half of the men, a prolonged (拖延的) death was (58) a bad death. Some of the men associated a prolonged death with prolonged pain, (59) others thought a prolonged death would be difficult for their families. Most men said that their (60) were very important to them, but this did not mean that they wanted relatives close at the (61) of death. "Valuing family did not also (62) wanting family present at the very end of life," Vig said. "In fact, some expressed concerns (63) burdening loved ones," Vig said. For instance, some men were worried about the emotional or (64) impact on their family members, according to the Washington researcher. Some were worried (65) their need for care would be a burden on their families, she said.
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