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Broadly speaking, the Englishman is a quiet, shy, reserved person who is fully (21) only among people he knows well. In the presence of strangers or foreigners he often seems inhibited, (22) embarrassed. You have only to (23) a commuter train any morning or evening to see the truth of this. Serious-looking businessmen and women sit reading their newspapers or dozing in a corner; no one speaks. In fact, to do so would seem most unusual. (24) ,there is here an unwritten but clearly understood code of behavior which, (25) broken, makes the person immediately the object of (26) It is a well-known fact that the English have a (27) for the discussion of their weather and that, given half a chance, they will talk about it (28) Some people argue that it is because English weather (29) forecast and hence is a source of interest and (30) to everyone. This may be so. (31) Englishmen cannot have much (32) in the weathermen, who, after promising fine, sunny weather for the following day, are often proved wrong (33) a cloud over the Atlantic brings rainy weather to all districts! The man in the street seems to be as accurate — or as inaccurate—as the weathermen in his (34) The overseas visitors may be excused for showing surprise at the number of references (35) weather that the English make to each other in the course of a single day. Very often conversational greetings are (36) by comments on the weather. "Nice day, isn’t it Beautiful!" may well be heard instead of "Good morning, how are you" (37) the foreigner may consider this exaggerated and comic, it is worthwhile pointing out that it could be used to his advantage. (38) he wants to start a conversation with an Englishman but is (39) to know where to begin, he could do well to mention the state of the weather. It is a safe subject which will (40) an answer from even the most reserved of Englishmen.
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· Read the following a~icle about team work and answer the questions on the opposite page． · For each question 15-20，mark one letter(A，B，C or D)on your Answer Sheet for the answer you choose．Is your group really a team Teams are all the rage in the workplace today，and every organization speaks of the importance of teams．But just because a group of people work together does not necessarily make them a team．There are essential elements that identify teams，and nurturing them will help you become a good team leader． Let’s begin with a definition of what a team really is．Teams are groups of individuals who accomplish designated objectives by working interdependenlIy，communicating effectively，and making decisions that impact their day to day work．So the first question to ask yourself is，‘How close does my team come to this definton’If it doesn’t measure up to the definition，then you are not really leading a team．You are probably managing a work group．There is absolutely nothing wrong with a work group．A work group can achieve great results with your close supemision．The idea，however，in today’s changing organization and our competitive global marketplace，is to develop teams that can work autonomously without your close direction and support． In a team．members share decision-making and often build consensus，with two-way communication between manager and members．There are joint work assignments and accountability on both the individual and team levels．In a work group，the manager is the decision-maker，and there is a one-way，top-down pattern of communication。Each member has individual work assignments，and each person is held accountable and appraised by the manager. Whether you operate as a work group or a team depends on three factors．Firstly，the skill and motivational level of members．Skilled and motivated employees need to be able to make decisions on their own and communicate upwardly when they need to．This is a model for working as a team．Secondly，the nature of the work．Some work situations do not call for members to make decisions together，nor is there a need for much two way communication among team members and their manager．But if there is a need for both，you have a team．Thirdly，the manager’s belief that indMduals can work autonomously and interdependently．This attitude is essential for today’s workplace。When managers do not hold this belief，they will favor the work group over the team． To get a group of individuals to function as a team，it is necessary to highlight the following issues．As for team members．everyone of them needs to know what he or she is supposed to accomplish and how it fits in with what other team members do.And they must be allowed to make decisions that impact their work products and semices．When we give people ownership over what they are doing，they perform much better．Last but not least．team members cannot hold back on any comments that will help the team grow and prosper．As for the team leader，he or she should have the technical knowledge of what the team is doing，as well as be able to motivate and inspire the team．A qualified leader should always be ready to acknowledge team members’accomplishment．Members need ongoing reminders that their efforts are valued and appreciated so that they can sustain high levels of performance． According to the author，a good team leader
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· Read the article below about how to handle work after treatment for cancer． · Choose the correct word or phrase to till each gap from A，B，C or D on the opposite page． · For each question 21-30，mark one letter(A，B，C or D)on your Answer Sheet．Continuing to Heal After Returning to Work You are on medical symptom．after learning that you have cancer，and you plan to return to work after your treatment．Should you return full time or part timeAccording to the American Cancer Society，a great number of workers who receive a (21) of cancer do retum to their jobs during or after treatment． (22) ，it’s better to come back in stages rather than all at once．Doctors (23) working two or three days the first week and then returning to full time from there， (24) ，on the energy level．After all，you can’t just walk into the office and expect to (25) ．at the same level you did before treatment．Just because you are healthy enough to go back to work doesn’t mean you are necessarily ready to work eight hours (26) ．a roW． What if you have to come back full time for financial reasonsHow do you (27) ．feeling sick or tired on the jobYou’d better be honest about it．Talk to your manager，immediate co-workers and people who (28) ．directly to you about how much work you can handle and what you need to (29) ．It’s also important to communicate to coworkers (30) you need to get through the day-it could be lying down for 20 minutes to regain your strength，or acknowledging that you can no longer work through lunch．
· You will hear part of an interview on cross-cultural management with Steve Denison，an internal business consultant with ABD，a multinational car manufacturer． · For each question 23-30，mark one letter A，B or C for the correct answer． · You will hear the recording twice． A brief understanding of the American concept of pay-for-performance is
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