The earliest controversies about the relationship between photography and art centered on whether photographer’s fidelity to appearances and dependence on a machine allowed it to be a fine art (1) distinctive from merely a practical art. Throughout the nineteenth century, the defense of photography was identical with the (2) to establish it as a fine art. (3) the charge that photographers was a soulless mechanical duplication of (4) , photographers (5) that it was instead a privileged (6) of seeing, a revolt against commonplace vision, and (7) worthy an art than painting.Ironically, (8) photography is securely established as a fine art, many photographers find it pretentious or (9) to label it as such. Serious photographers are no longer willing to (10) whether photography is not involved with art, (11) to proclaim that their own work is not involved with it. This shows the extent (12) which they simply take for granted the concept of art imposed by the (13) of Modernism: the better the art, the more subversive it is of the traditional aims of art.Photographers’ disclaimers of any interest in making art tell us more about the troubled status of the contemporary (14) of art (15) about whether photography is or is not art. Photography, (16) Pop painting, reassures viewers that art is not hard; photography seems to be more about its subjects than about art.Photography, (17) , has developed all the (18) and self-consciousness of a classic Modernist art. Many professionals privately have begun to worry that the (19) of photography as an activity subversive of the traditional pretensions of art has gone so far that the public will forget that photography is a distinctive and exalted activity-- (20) , an art. Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C, and D on ANSWER SHEET 1.13()
A. preach
B. defeat
C. return
D. triumph
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The earliest controversies about the relationship between photography and art centered on whether photographer’s fidelity to appearances and dependence on a machine allowed it to be a fine art (1) distinctive from merely a practical art. Throughout the nineteenth century, the defense of photography was identical with the (2) to establish it as a fine art. (3) the charge that photographers was a soulless mechanical duplication of (4) , photographers (5) that it was instead a privileged (6) of seeing, a revolt against commonplace vision, and (7) worthy an art than painting.Ironically, (8) photography is securely established as a fine art, many photographers find it pretentious or (9) to label it as such. Serious photographers are no longer willing to (10) whether photography is not involved with art, (11) to proclaim that their own work is not involved with it. This shows the extent (12) which they simply take for granted the concept of art imposed by the (13) of Modernism: the better the art, the more subversive it is of the traditional aims of art.Photographers’ disclaimers of any interest in making art tell us more about the troubled status of the contemporary (14) of art (15) about whether photography is or is not art. Photography, (16) Pop painting, reassures viewers that art is not hard; photography seems to be more about its subjects than about art.Photography, (17) , has developed all the (18) and self-consciousness of a classic Modernist art. Many professionals privately have begun to worry that the (19) of photography as an activity subversive of the traditional pretensions of art has gone so far that the public will forget that photography is a distinctive and exalted activity-- (20) , an art. Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C, and D on ANSWER SHEET 1.2()
A. intend
B. wish
C. plea
D. struggle
RESUME MELANIE FANG 35 Orlando Road Meadowfield, Canada M4W 3B2 mfang@somemail.comEMPLOYMENT EXPERIENCE 2005--present: Writer/ Editor edited research paper for International Journal of Alternative Health wrote and edited Canada Health website (www.canadahealthmag.com) 2003-2005: Speech and Language Teacher, Meadowfield Hospital taught and coached English speech and grammar to hospital rehabilitation patients 2000-2003: Communications and Marketing Assistant, The Meadowfield Circle of Light Healing InstituteCOMPUTER SKILLS Website designer: Canada Health (www.canadahealthmag.com) Microsoft Word and Office, HTML Database (数据库)design: created clinic database using MS Access EDUCATION 1998-2001: National College of Natural Medicine Third year medical student 1992-1996: University of Toronto Bachelor of Science (Psychology) with Honours QUESTIONS: RESUME Melanie Fang’’s address is (46) Meadowfield, Canada. Employment Experience: as writer and editor, 1. wrote and edited (47) for International Journal of Alternative Health now, and 2. taught and coached English (48) to hospital rehabilitation(康复) patients Computer Skills: Created (49) using MS Access Education: Third year (50) from 1998 to 2001.
The earliest controversies about the relationship between photography and art centered on whether photographer’s fidelity to appearances and dependence on a machine allowed it to be a fine art (1) distinctive from merely a practical art. Throughout the nineteenth century, the defense of photography was identical with the (2) to establish it as a fine art. (3) the charge that photographers was a soulless mechanical duplication of (4) , photographers (5) that it was instead a privileged (6) of seeing, a revolt against commonplace vision, and (7) worthy an art than painting.Ironically, (8) photography is securely established as a fine art, many photographers find it pretentious or (9) to label it as such. Serious photographers are no longer willing to (10) whether photography is not involved with art, (11) to proclaim that their own work is not involved with it. This shows the extent (12) which they simply take for granted the concept of art imposed by the (13) of Modernism: the better the art, the more subversive it is of the traditional aims of art.Photographers’ disclaimers of any interest in making art tell us more about the troubled status of the contemporary (14) of art (15) about whether photography is or is not art. Photography, (16) Pop painting, reassures viewers that art is not hard; photography seems to be more about its subjects than about art.Photography, (17) , has developed all the (18) and self-consciousness of a classic Modernist art. Many professionals privately have begun to worry that the (19) of photography as an activity subversive of the traditional pretensions of art has gone so far that the public will forget that photography is a distinctive and exalted activity-- (20) , an art. Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C, and D on ANSWER SHEET 1.18()
A. agonies
B. grievances
C. passions
D. anxieties
Information channeling is undergoing remarkable progress in various sectors of society in industrial activities, public services and, more recently, in daily living.In the sector of industrial activities, automation is continuing with the aim of increasing productivity--introduction of computers for process control by the manufacturing industry, and introduction of numerically controlled machine tools, industrial robots, computer-aided design systems and, more recently, flexible manufacturing system by processing and assembling industries.(46) Meanwhile, in offices rapid office automation is presently in progress, stimulated by the popular acceptance of computerized systems, expansion of communications networks and the remarkable technological progress achieved in related equipment such as Japanese word processors. Rapid automation and efficiency improvement are also being achieved in the sector of commodity distribution through the introduction of advanced point of sales systems.Information channeling is being utilized actively in the field of public services. (47) For example, large capacity computers were introduced from an early stage for the control of railway trains and for extending seat reservation services, and more recently diagnostic systems utilizing computers have become commonplace in medical care. (48) To cope with the steady shift toward an aging society, research is in progress to develop technologies related to medical information systems with the aim of improving efficiency in medical services. Regarding education, computerized systems including the CAI (computer assisted instruction) system and CMI (computer managed instruction) system are presently being put to trial operation.In the sector of administration, efficiency of clerical work is being improved through the introduction of computers, and huge volumes of administrative data are more recently being stored in data base systems. (49) In the wake of these moves, computers have become indispensable for advancing large-scale R&D (research and development) projects as in connection with space development and atomic power development, and also in the field of basic research in life science.Daily living is also a sector in which information channeling is taking firm root. (50) To cope with civilian needs for more convenience in home living and in order to meet the needs raised by growing diversification of lifestyle, active research is presently in progress to develop and commercialize new media incorporating sophisticated data processing functions for use in addition to existing media involving the television, radio and telephone. In concert, research is being directed at developing technologies related ’to automation in the home. For example, large capacity computers were introduced from an early stage for the control of railway trains and for extending seat reservation services, and more recently diagnostic systems utilizing computers have become commonplace in medical care