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I’m looking forward to (meet) ______ your family soon.

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The third round of campaign to solicit(征集) songs for the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games is to be launched on New Year’s Day. The solicitation campaign of songs for the Volunteers of Beijing 2008 will simultaneously be launched. Online music pieces will be eligible for the campaigns for the first time. Rules and regulations of’ the campaigns will be available at www. beijing2008, cn (the official Web site of BOCOG), www.sohu.com as well as newspapers. The campaigns will last till 17:00, June 1, 2006. BOCOG will organize a consulting panel(顾问团队) consisting of foreign and domestic music producers, and will make full use of production capabilities and platforms of Chinese Musician Association, international record corporations and TV stations to boost(推进) every phase of the campaigns. What will Chinese Musician Association, international record corporations and TV stations do in the campaign They will ______ of the campaigns.

Against the backdrop of the Montreal Summit on global climate being held this week, an article on Mrican droughts and monsoons, by a University of California, Santa Barbara scientist and others, which appears in the December issue of the journal Geology, underlines concern about the effects of global climate change. Tropical ocean temperatures and land vegetation have an important effect on African monsoon systems, explains first author Syee Weldeab, a post-doctoral fellow in the Department of Earth Science at the University of California, Santa Barbara. The monsoons are critical to sustaining agriculture in equatorial Mrica. Weldeab says that man’s reduction of inland vegetation cover through deforestation and overgrazing in equatorial Africa and increases in global temperatures through the emission of greenhouse gases will likely strongly affect the African monsoon system in the future. "The weakening of the monsoon has a huge effect," says Wetdeab, "resulting in shortages of harvests and hunger." As vegetation is cleared, the land loses its capacity to retain heat and becomes cooler. As the land cools relative to the ocean, there is a larger gradient between the ocean temperature and the land causing less moisture to be pulled from the ocean air toward the land. Weldeab and his colleagues studied cores from beneath the ocean floor of the Gulf of Guinea, in the tropical Atlantic just off the coast of Cameroon, to understand the history of climate in the area for the past 10,000 years. The cores contain foraminifera, tiny plankton shells that are composed of calcium and trace elements. By studying the ratios of magnesium and calcium in the shells, the. scientists are able to correlate that information to past temperature changes in the ocean. In analyzing these records for the past 10,000 years, the scientists found three pronounced cooling periods which indicate drought. Besides the ocean records, the scientists analyzed data from four lakes that are distributed across central Africa on the monsoon belt. The three sea surface cooling periods found by the scientists correlate to records of low lake levels. These clearly were times of drought; the land became more arid. The authors state, "periods of drought likely brought about environmental hardship, triggering population migration, giving rise to changes in the modes of agricultural production, and influencing the fall or rise of civilizations." Weldeab points out that the past 50 years are marked by deforestation and overgrazing much greater than that of the past, thus disturbing the climate system that results from the coupling of sea surface temperature and vegetation cover on land. "We can’t predict how, but it is clear that this human-induced change will change the terrestrial and ocean system," he says. He notes that droughts in this region are currently occurring more frequently than in the past few thousand years, although the frequency of the droughts is unpredictable. "People in less developed countries live from rain, harvests and animal husbandry," says Weldeab. "Drought directly affects them; they run out of food for people and animals.\ The monsoon system in Africa is influenced by any of the following EXCEPT ______.

A. droughts
B. deforestation
C. overgrazing
D. global warming

The third round of campaign to solicit(征集) songs for the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games is to be launched on New Year’s Day. The solicitation campaign of songs for the Volunteers of Beijing 2008 will simultaneously be launched. Online music pieces will be eligible for the campaigns for the first time. Rules and regulations of’ the campaigns will be available at www. beijing2008, cn (the official Web site of BOCOG), www.sohu.com as well as newspapers. The campaigns will last till 17:00, June 1, 2006. BOCOG will organize a consulting panel(顾问团队) consisting of foreign and domestic music producers, and will make full use of production capabilities and platforms of Chinese Musician Association, international record corporations and TV stations to boost(推进) every phase of the campaigns. What’s the consulting panel made up of ______ music producers.

【程序说明】下列文法可用来描述化学分子式的书写规则(例如，A12(C03)、Cu(OH)2)： λ→β|βλ β→δ|δn δ→ξ|ξθλ 其中，λ是一个分子式；δ或是一个元素，或是一个带括号的(子)分子式，元素或是一个大写字母(记为ξ)，或是一个大写字母和一个小写字母(记为ξθ)；β或是一个δ，或是在δ之后接上一个整数n，δn表示β有n个δ的元素或(子)分子式。一个完整的分子式由若干个β组成。当然一个正确的分子式除符合上述文法规则外，还应满足分子式本身的语义要求。下面的程序输入分子式，按上述文法分析分子式，并计算出该分子式的分子量。例如，元素H的原子量是1，元素O的原子量是16。输入分子式H2O，程序计算出它的分子量为重18(1×2+16)。程序中各元素的名及它的原子量从文件atom.dat中读入。【程序】 #include ＜stdio.h＞ #include ＜string.h＞ #define MAXN 300 #define CMLEN 30 struct elem{ char name[3];/元素名/ double v; /原子量/ }nTbl[MAXN]; char cmStr[CMLEN], pos; int c; FILE fp; double factor(); double atom() /处理文法符号δ/ { char w[3]; int i; double num; while((c = pos++)=="|| c==’\t’); / 略过空白字符 / if(c==’\n’) return 0.0; if(c＞=’A’ && c＜=’Z’){/ 将元素名存入W/ w[i=0]=c; c=pos++; if(c＞=’a’ && c＜=’z’) w[++i]=c; else pos--; w[++i]=’\0’; for(i=0; nTbl[i].v＞0.0; i++) if(strcmp(w, nTbl[i].name)==0) return nTbl[i].v; printf("\n 元素表中没有所输入的元素: \t%s\n",w); return -1.0; } else if(c==’(’){ if((num = (1) ＜0.0)return -1.0; /* 包括可能为空的情况 / if(pos++ !=’)’){ printf(" 分子式中括号不匹配!\n"); return -1.0; } return num; } printf("分子式中存在非法字符: \t%c\n",c); return -1.0; } double mAtom() /* 处理文法符号β/{ double num; int n=1; if((num = (2) )＜0.0) return -1.0; c = pos++; if(c＞=’0’&& c ＜=’9’){ n=0; while(c＞=’0’ && c＜=’9’){ n= (3) ; c=pos++; } } pos--; return num n;}double factor() /* 处理文法符号λ /{ double num=0.0, d; if((num=mAtom())＜0.0) return -1.0; while(pos＞=’A’ && pos＜= ’Z’ || pos==’(’){ if((d= (4) ＜0.0) return -1.0; } return num;}void main(){ char fname[]="atom.dat"; /元素名及其原子量文件/ int i; double num; if((fp=fopen(fname, "r"))==NULL){/* 以读方式打开正文文件/ printf("Can not open %s file.\n", fname); return;/ 程序非正常结束 / } i=0; while(i＜MAXN && fscanf(fp, "%s%lf", nTbl[i].name, &nTbl[i].v) == 2)i++; fclose(fp); nTbl[i].v=-1.0; while(I){ / 输入分子式和计算分子量循环，直至输入空行结束/ printf ("\n 输入分子式!(空行结束)\n"); gets(cmStr); pos=cmStr; if(cmStr[0]==’\0’)break; if((num=factor())＞0.0) if (pos != ’\0’)printf("分子式不完整!\n"); else printf(" 分子式的分子量为 %f\n", num); }}