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1 What are those of us who have chosen careers in science and engineering able to do about our current problems First, we can help destroy the false impression that science and engineering have caused the current world trouble. On the contrary, science and engineering have made vast contributions to better living for more people. Second, we can identify the many areas in which science and technology, more con siderably used, can be of great service in the future than in the past to improve the quality of life. While we can make many speeches, and pass many laws, the quality of our envi ronment will be improved only through better knowledge and better application of that knowledge. Third, we can recognize that much of the dissatisfaction we suffer today results from our very successes of former years. We have been so greatly successful in attaining material goals that we are deeply dissatisfied that we cannot attain other goals more rapidly. We have achieved a better life for most people, but we are unhappy that we have not spread it to all people. We have reduced many sources of environmental disasters, but we are unhap py that we have not conquered all of them. It is our raised expectations rather than our fail ures which now cause our distress. Granted that many of our current problems must be cured more by social, political, and economic instruments than science and technology, yet science and technology must still be the tools to make further advances in such things as clean air, clean water, better transportation, better medical care, more adequate welfare programs, purer food, con servation resources, and many other areas. According to the author, to improve the quality of environment, it is important to______.

A. call on the public to action
B. pass related law
C. eliminate the destructive effect of science and technology
D. use better knowledge of science and technology

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4 Once upon a time, innovation at Procter & Gamble flowed one way: from the United States outward. While the large Cincinnati-based corporation was no stranger to foreign markets, it usually sold them products that were already familiar to most Ameri- cans. Many Japanese families, for instance, swaddle their babies in Pampers diapers, and lots of Venezuelans brush their teeth with Crest. And of course ( company executives assumed) Amer- icans at home wanted these same familiar, red-white and blue brands. We might buy foreign-made cars, or chocolates, or cameras but household cleaners and detergents Recently, however, P & G broke with this long-standing tradition. Ariel, a P & G laundry detergent, was born overseas, and is a familiar sight on store shelves in Europe and Latin America. Now bilingual packages of Ariel Ultra, a super-concentrated cleaner, are appearing on supermarket shelves in Los Angeles. Ariel’s appearance in the United States reflects demographic changes making Hispanics the nation’s fastest-growing ethnic group. Ariel is a hit with this population. In fact, many Mexican immigrants living in Southern California have been "importing" Ariel from Tijuana, Mexico. "Hispanics knew this product and wanted it," says P & G spokeswoman Marie Salvado. "We realized that we couldn’t convince them to buy (our) other laundry detergents. " P & G hopes that non-Hispanic consumers will give Ariel a try too. Ariel’s already strong presence in Europe may provide a springboard for the company to expand into other markets as well. Recently P & G bought R akona, Czechoslovakia’s top detergent maker. Ariel, currently a top seller in Germany, is likely to be one of the first new brands to appear in Czech supermarkets. And Ariel is not the only foreign idea that the company hopes to transplant back to its home territory. Cinch, an all-purpose spray cleaner similar to popular European products, is currently being test-marketed in California and Arizona. Traditionally Americans have used separate cleaners for different types of surfaces, but market research shows that American preferences are becoming more like those in other countries. Insiders note that this new reverse flow of innovation reflects more sweeping changes at Procter & Gamble. The firm has hired many new Japanese, German, and Mexican man- agers who view P~G’s business not as a one-way flow of American ideas, but a two-way exchange with other markets. Says Bonita Austin of the investment firm Wertheim Schroeder, "When you met with P & G’s top managers years ago, you wouldn’t have seen a single for- eign face. " Today, "they could even be in the majority. " As Procter & Gamble has found, the United States is no longer an isolated mar- ket. Americans are more open than ever before to buying foreign-made products and to sell- ing U.S. made products overseas. The "insider" (Line 1, Par

A. 5) is most probably______.A. someone who buys both Ariel and CinchB. someone who works within Procter & Gamble or knows it fairly wellC. someone who is a loyal customer of ArielD. someone who once worked within Rakona

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