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Although there are many skillful Braille readers, thousands of other blind people find it difficult to learn that system. They are thereby (1) from the world of books and newspapers, having to (2) friends to read aloud to them. A young scientist named Raymond Kurzweil has now designed a computer which is a major (3) in providing aid to the (4) . His machine, Cyclops, has a camera that (5) any page, interprets the print into sounds, and then delivers them orally in a robot-like (6) through a speaker. By pressing the appropriate buttons (7) Cyclops’s keyboard, a blind person can "read" any (8) document in the English language. This remarkable invention represents a tremendous (9) forward in the education of the handicapped. At present, Cyclops costs $50,000. (10) , Mr. Kurzweil and his associates are preparing a smaller (11) improved version that will sell (12) less than half that price. Within a few years, Kurzweil (13) the price range will be low enough for every school and library to (14) one. Michael Hingson, Director of the National Federation for the Blind, hopes that (15) will be able to buy home (16) of Cyclops for the price of a good television set. Mr. Hingson’s organization purchased five machines and is now testing them in Maryland, Colorado, Iowa, California, and New York. Blind people (17) in those tests, making lots of (18) suggestions to the engineers who helped to produce Cyclops. "This is the first time that blind people have ever done individual studies (19) a product was put on the market," Hingson said. "Most manufacturers believed that having the blind help the blind was like telling disabled people to teach other disabled people. In that (20) , the manufacturers have been the blind ones.\

A. after
B. when
C. before
D. as

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Painting, the execution of forms and shapes on a surface by means of pigment, has been (1) practiced by humans for some 20,000 years. Together with other activities (2) ritualistic in origin but have come to be designated as artistic (such as music or dance), painting was one of the earliest ways in which man (3) to express his own personality and his (4) understanding of an existence beyond the material world. (5) music and dance, however, examples of early forms of painting have survived to the present day. The modern eye can derive aesthetic as well as antiquarian satisfaction (6) the 15,000-year-old cave murals of Lascaux—some examples (7) to the considerable powers of draftsmanship of these early artists. And painting, like other arts, exhibits universal qualities that (8) for viewers of all nations and civilizations to understand and appreciate. The major (9) examples of early painting anywhere in the world are found in Western Europe and the former Soviet Union. But some 5,000 years ago, the areas in which important paintings were executed (10) to the eastern Mediterranean Sea and neighboring regions. (11) , Western shared a European cultural tradition—the Middle East and Mediterranean Basin and, later, the countries of the New World. Western painting is in general distinguished by its concentration on the representation of the human (12) , whether in the heroic context of antiquity or the religious context of the early Christian and medieval world. The Renaissance (13) this traitor through a (14) examination of the natural world and an investigation of balance, harmony, and perspective in the visible world, linking painting (15) the developing sciences of anatomy and optics. The first real (16) from figurative painting came with the growth of landscape painting in the 17th and 18th centuries. The landscape and figurative traditions developed together in the 19th century in an atmosphere that was increasingly (17) "painterly" qualities of the (18) of light and color and the expressive qualities of paint handling. In the 20th century these interests (19) to the development of a third major tradition in Western painting, abstract painting, which sought to (20) and express the true nature of paint and painting through action and form.

A. break
B. breakage
C. breakdown
D. breaking

Painting, the execution of forms and shapes on a surface by means of pigment, has been (1) practiced by humans for some 20,000 years. Together with other activities (2) ritualistic in origin but have come to be designated as artistic (such as music or dance), painting was one of the earliest ways in which man (3) to express his own personality and his (4) understanding of an existence beyond the material world. (5) music and dance, however, examples of early forms of painting have survived to the present day. The modern eye can derive aesthetic as well as antiquarian satisfaction (6) the 15,000-year-old cave murals of Lascaux—some examples (7) to the considerable powers of draftsmanship of these early artists. And painting, like other arts, exhibits universal qualities that (8) for viewers of all nations and civilizations to understand and appreciate. The major (9) examples of early painting anywhere in the world are found in Western Europe and the former Soviet Union. But some 5,000 years ago, the areas in which important paintings were executed (10) to the eastern Mediterranean Sea and neighboring regions. (11) , Western shared a European cultural tradition—the Middle East and Mediterranean Basin and, later, the countries of the New World. Western painting is in general distinguished by its concentration on the representation of the human (12) , whether in the heroic context of antiquity or the religious context of the early Christian and medieval world. The Renaissance (13) this traitor through a (14) examination of the natural world and an investigation of balance, harmony, and perspective in the visible world, linking painting (15) the developing sciences of anatomy and optics. The first real (16) from figurative painting came with the growth of landscape painting in the 17th and 18th centuries. The landscape and figurative traditions developed together in the 19th century in an atmosphere that was increasingly (17) "painterly" qualities of the (18) of light and color and the expressive qualities of paint handling. In the 20th century these interests (19) to the development of a third major tradition in Western painting, abstract painting, which sought to (20) and express the true nature of paint and painting through action and form.

A. discover
B. uncover
C. recover
D. cover

Although there are many skillful Braille readers, thousands of other blind people find it difficult to learn that system. They are thereby (1) from the world of books and newspapers, having to (2) friends to read aloud to them. A young scientist named Raymond Kurzweil has now designed a computer which is a major (3) in providing aid to the (4) . His machine, Cyclops, has a camera that (5) any page, interprets the print into sounds, and then delivers them orally in a robot-like (6) through a speaker. By pressing the appropriate buttons (7) Cyclops’s keyboard, a blind person can "read" any (8) document in the English language. This remarkable invention represents a tremendous (9) forward in the education of the handicapped. At present, Cyclops costs $50,000. (10) , Mr. Kurzweil and his associates are preparing a smaller (11) improved version that will sell (12) less than half that price. Within a few years, Kurzweil (13) the price range will be low enough for every school and library to (14) one. Michael Hingson, Director of the National Federation for the Blind, hopes that (15) will be able to buy home (16) of Cyclops for the price of a good television set. Mr. Hingson’s organization purchased five machines and is now testing them in Maryland, Colorado, Iowa, California, and New York. Blind people (17) in those tests, making lots of (18) suggestions to the engineers who helped to produce Cyclops. "This is the first time that blind people have ever done individual studies (19) a product was put on the market," Hingson said. "Most manufacturers believed that having the blind help the blind was like telling disabled people to teach other disabled people. In that (20) , the manufacturers have been the blind ones.\

A. schools
B. children
C. families
D. companies

Although there are many skillful Braille readers, thousands of other blind people find it difficult to learn that system. They are thereby (1) from the world of books and newspapers, having to (2) friends to read aloud to them. A young scientist named Raymond Kurzweil has now designed a computer which is a major (3) in providing aid to the (4) . His machine, Cyclops, has a camera that (5) any page, interprets the print into sounds, and then delivers them orally in a robot-like (6) through a speaker. By pressing the appropriate buttons (7) Cyclops’s keyboard, a blind person can "read" any (8) document in the English language. This remarkable invention represents a tremendous (9) forward in the education of the handicapped. At present, Cyclops costs $50,000. (10) , Mr. Kurzweil and his associates are preparing a smaller (11) improved version that will sell (12) less than half that price. Within a few years, Kurzweil (13) the price range will be low enough for every school and library to (14) one. Michael Hingson, Director of the National Federation for the Blind, hopes that (15) will be able to buy home (16) of Cyclops for the price of a good television set. Mr. Hingson’s organization purchased five machines and is now testing them in Maryland, Colorado, Iowa, California, and New York. Blind people (17) in those tests, making lots of (18) suggestions to the engineers who helped to produce Cyclops. "This is the first time that blind people have ever done individual studies (19) a product was put on the market," Hingson said. "Most manufacturers believed that having the blind help the blind was like telling disabled people to teach other disabled people. In that (20) , the manufacturers have been the blind ones.\

A. settle
B. own
C. invest
D. retain

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