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Text 2 The moon appears to warp the minds of some men. Despite putting men on the moon in 1969 America seems determined on re-enacting the space race, this time pitting its efforts against those of the Chinese. Now a Russian company claims it could develop a system to exploit the moon’s natural resources and potentially relocate harmful industries there. This is lunacy. Russia certainly has great prowess in space. In its former guise as the centre of power in the Soviet Union it launched the first man-made satellite in 1957. In a spectacular follow up, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in space in 1961. Another triumph came in 1968 when the Russians sent a spaceship to orbit the moon with turtles aboard, returning it and its living cargo safely to Earth. An unmanned Russian spacecraft also landed on the moon ahead of the first manned landing by the Americans. Even after Neil Armstrong took his one small step, Russia has proved its superiority in keeping people in space stations orbiting the Earth. The Russian Soyuz rocket is a mainstay of satellite launches and would be used to rescue astronauts should any accident befall the International Space Station. Head of the spacecraft manufacturer that helped achieve these Russian successes, this week boasted that his rockets could be used to industrialise the moon. So why were his remarks greeted with such scepticism One reason for the cynicism is that the idea is absurd. A United Nations treaty passed in 1967 bans potentially harmful interference with the Earth’s original satellite and requires international consultation before proceeding with any activity that could disrupt the peaceful exploration of space, including the moon. A second problem is that landing on the moon has proved beyond the budget of any state other than America and of any private company to date. In fact one of the best hopes for investment comes from space tourism. On Saturday April 7th, the fifth such holidaymaker entered space aboard a Russian Soyuz rocket. Charles Simonyi, an American software developer, paid $25m for his ten-day stay at the International Space Station. The next holiday destination is the moon. The tour operator that organised the first five packages is offering two tickets to orbit the moon for $100m each. Launch would be aboard a Soyuz spacecraft. But the Soyuz system was designed in the 1960s and has been on the verge of retirement for many years. Unfortunately the Russian authorities have postponed indefinitely the development of a successor. Thus the claim of the industrialisation of the moon is unlikely to succeed. Why was the claim of the Russian company widely criticized
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It has been justly said that while" we speak with our vocal organs we (1) with our whole bodies." All of us communicate with one another (2) , as well as with words. Sometimes we know what we’re doing, as with the use of gestures such as the thumbs-up sign to indicate that, we (3) . But most of the time we’re not aware that we’re doing it. We gesture with eyebrows or a hand, meet someone else’s eyes and (4) . These actions we (5) are random and incidental. But researchers (6) that there is a system of them almost as consistent and comprehensible as language, and they conclude that there is a whole (7) of body language, (8) the way we move, the gestures we employ, the posture we adopt, the facial expression we (9) , the extent to which we touch and the distance we stand (10) each other.The body language serves a variety of purposes. Firstly it can replace verbal communication, (11) with the use of gesture. Secondly it can modify verbal communication, loudness and (12) of voice is an example here. Thirdly it regulates social interaction: turn taking is largely governed by non-verbal (13) . Finally it conveys our emotions and attitudes. This is (14) important for successful cross-culture communication.Every culture has its own" body language", and children absorb its nuances (15) with spoken language. The way an Englishmen crosses his legs is (16) like the way a mate American does it. When we communicate with people from other, cultures, the body language sometimes help make the communication easy and (17) , such as shaking hand is such a (18) gesture that people all over the world know that it is a signal for greeting. But sometimes--the body language can cause certain misunderstanding (19) people of different cultures often have different forms behavior for sending the same message or have different (20) towards the same body signals. Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.8（）
Directions:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.One thing that distinguishes the online world from the real one is that it is very easy to find things. To find a copy of The Economist in print, one has to go to a newsstand, which may or may not carry it. Finding it online, though, is a different proposition. Just go to Google, type it in" economist" and you will be instantly directed to economist.com. (46) Indeed, until Google, now the world’s most popular search engine, came on to the scene in September 1998, searching online was a hit-or-miss affair.Google was vastly better than anything that had come before: so much better, in fact, that it changed the way many people use the web. (47) Almost overnight, it made the web far more useful, particularly for non-specialist users, many of whom regard Google as the Internet’s front door. It’s now a worldwide phenomenon. Not only has it made the Internet into an extremely fast and valuable research tool, it’s become a common word and has even created a new verb" to google." (48)The recent fuss over Google’s stock market flotation obscures its far wider social significance: few technologies, after all, are so influential that their names have become a household verb such as the cloning technology creates the verb" to clone".Google began in 1998 as an academic research project by Sergey Brin and Lawrence Page, who were then graduate students at Stanford University in Palo Alto, California. It was not the first search engine, of course. (49) Existing search engines were able to scan a large portion of the web, build an index, and then find pages that matched particular words, but were less good at presenting those pages, which might number in the hundreds of thousands, in a useful way.Mr. Brin’s and Mr. Page’s accomplishment was to devise a way to sort the results by determining which pages were likely to be most relevant. They did so by using a mathematical program, called PageRank. (50) This program is at the heart of Google’s success, distinguishing it from all search engines and accounting for its apparently magical ability to find the most useful web pages. With this powerful ability. Google distinguished itself from among all the search engines and became an established standing research tool in the online world. The recent fuss over Google’s stock market flotation obscures its far wider social significance: few technologies, after all, are so influential that their names have become a household verb such as the cloning technology creates the verb" to clone".
Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. Text 1 When a Shanghai ad consultant was recently asked to recommend young local designers to an international agency, he sent three candidates with years of work experience. But the company decided they weren’t good enough and had to import designers from the West. It’s a common problem that Chinese vocational grads simply haven’t had good enough teaching. Most of the lecturers don’t have any real work experience, so they can’t teach useful things. When graduates do get hired, they basically have to be re-educated. China’s rapid economic expansion has exposed many frailties in its education system, especially on the vocational side. The country can’t produce enough skilled workers. In part that’s because it invests far more in academic than vocational programs. Funding has fallen significantly since the 1990s. Partly as a result, today only 38 percent or so of China’s high-school-age students attend vocational schools, well below the official target of 50 percent. To address this deficit, last year Beijing pledged to spend almost $2 billion on 100 new vocational colleges and 1,000 high schools. And this year it started offering annual subsidies to vocational students. But China’s training is too abstract, what’s urgently required are technicians who can come up with a good idea and turn it into a marketable product. Parts of the country are already adapting; in Shenzhen, local institutes offer" made to order" training for particular businesses. And some vocational colleges have introduced practical research projects. But vocational education faces a deeper problem: its image. China’s middle class is eager to forget its experience with physical labor, and few allow their children to become technical workers. Everyone thinks these are things that low-class people do. Thus China now produces record numbers of college grads--who struggle to find work because they lack the skills for manufacturing, where demand is greatest. One fix would be to re-brand vocational subjects as" professional," not" manual," skills. At the other end of the spectrum are China’s 100 million-plus rural migrant workers, many of whom have little schooling. They have never learned how to work with others, to live in the city, save money or choose the right job. Thus they find it hard to learn from their jobs or plan their careers. This results in extremely high labor turnover. Teaching and training" life skills" to complement vocational programs would help. Yet the urgency of China’s skilled-labor shortfall will force a rethink. For now, China is relying on cheap, low-skilled, labor-intensive production, but it’s not sustainable in the long term, We must raise our skills level, and it’s impossible for state-run colleges to do all the training. Indeed, with the demand for skilled workers growing all the time, China will need all the help it can get. In the author’s opinion, the best way to solve a more serious problem of Chinese vocational education is ______.
It has been justly said that while" we speak with our vocal organs we (1) with our whole bodies." All of us communicate with one another (2) , as well as with words. Sometimes we know what we’re doing, as with the use of gestures such as the thumbs-up sign to indicate that, we (3) . But most of the time we’re not aware that we’re doing it. We gesture with eyebrows or a hand, meet someone else’s eyes and (4) . These actions we (5) are random and incidental. But researchers (6) that there is a system of them almost as consistent and comprehensible as language, and they conclude that there is a whole (7) of body language, (8) the way we move, the gestures we employ, the posture we adopt, the facial expression we (9) , the extent to which we touch and the distance we stand (10) each other.The body language serves a variety of purposes. Firstly it can replace verbal communication, (11) with the use of gesture. Secondly it can modify verbal communication, loudness and (12) of voice is an example here. Thirdly it regulates social interaction: turn taking is largely governed by non-verbal (13) . Finally it conveys our emotions and attitudes. This is (14) important for successful cross-culture communication.Every culture has its own" body language", and children absorb its nuances (15) with spoken language. The way an Englishmen crosses his legs is (16) like the way a mate American does it. When we communicate with people from other, cultures, the body language sometimes help make the communication easy and (17) , such as shaking hand is such a (18) gesture that people all over the world know that it is a signal for greeting. But sometimes--the body language can cause certain misunderstanding (19) people of different cultures often have different forms behavior for sending the same message or have different (20) towards the same body signals. Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.20（）
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