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案例分析题Man-made climate change is "unequivocal (毋庸置疑的)" and demands urgent action. Yesterday’s report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change underlined the former point, (67) discussions at the World Economic Forum in Davos last week demonstrated the growing consensus on the (68) . The challenge now is action.The IPCC’s warning is serious: temperatures are likely to (69) by about 3℃ by 2100, with a (70) of 2℃ to 4.5℃. The latter would be close to the difference (71) the hast ice age and today.Adaptation is going to be part of the response, not least (72) a substantial rise in temperatures is already on the way: the stock of greenhouse gases in the (73) now is already 50 percent (74) pre-industrial levels. But it is also essential to (75) growth in the stock, ideally to (76) it below 550 parts per million, which would (77) be double the pre-industrial levels.On present trends, the atmosphere is (78) to reach such a concentration in just three decades. To (79) levels rising further, emissions will need to be reduced (80) at least 50 per cent below what Sir Nicholas Stern called "business as usual" -- (81) is, the continuation of historic trends--by then.The good news, (82) the Stern review of climate change, is that the economic (83) of achieving these objectives (84) be as little a 1 per cent of global gross product. However, the (85) news is that big changes to long-lived investment decisions will be required soon, (86) in the power sector. 86（）
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案例分析题A friend of mine once asked me a question: "Who said life was going to be fair, or that it was even meant to be fair" Her question was a good one. It (47) me of something I was taught as a youngster--life isn’t fair. It’s a disappointment, but it’s (48) true. One of the mistakes many of us make is that we feel sorry for ourselves, or for others, thinking that life should be fair, or that someday it will he. It’s not and it won’t.One of the nice things about (49) to the fact that life isn’t fair is that it keeps us from feeling sorry for ourselves by (50) us to do the very best we can with what we have. We know it’s not "life’s job" to make everything perfect; it’s our own (51) . The fact also keeps us from feeling sorry for others because everyone has (52) strengths and problems in the process of growing up, facing the reality and making decisions, and everyone has those tunes that they feel they are (53) of life or unfairly treated.The fact that life isn’t fair doesn’t mean we shouldn’t do everything in our power to (54) our own lives or the world as a whole. On the contrary, it suggests that we should. When we do recognize that life isn’t fair, however, we feel (55) for others and for ourselves. And it is a heartfelt (56) that delivers loving kindness to everyone it touches. 54（）
案例分析题It should be kept in mind that crying is the natural province of the infant. Babies come into this world and most immediately begin crying, and they will use this communication (36) of pre-language development to communicate all their (37) . But, studies also show that boy’s cries may be ignored for (38) longer, and especially in certain cultures, girl’s cries are (39) to immediately. From birth we may be taught there are immediate (40) for crying, or that it is of little purpose, depending on our (41) . Whether or not people cry as adults may have much to do with the way their society treats tears. In many societies, tears in men are only (42) at a few occasions, perhaps a funeral. This is (43) indeed; especially when boy children are told not to cry regularly, (44) . Instead, anger becomes the preferred emotion because it is more "male", and men may need to work very long and hard to access the grief behind anger. (45) . When people cry, especially women, they may be viewed as "emotional" as though this is a negative characteristic. On the other hand, most experts will point out that (46) . 45（）
A Crisis of Confidence for Masters of the UniverseMeltdown. Collapse. Depression. Panic, The words would seem to apply equally to the global financial crisis and the effect of that crisis on the human psyche (精神). Of course, it is too soon to judge the tree psychiatric(精神上的) consequences of the economic breakdown; it will be some time before epidemiologists(流行病专家) can tell us for certain whether depression and suicide are on the rise. But there’s no question that the crisis is leaving its mark on individuals, especially men.One patient, a fund analyst, came to me recently in a state of great anxiety. "It’s bad, but it might get a lot worse," I recall him saying. The anxiety was expected and appropriate: he had lost a great deal of his (and others’) assets, and like the rest of us he had no idea where the bottom was. I would have been worried if he hadn’t been anxious. Over the course of several weeks, with the help of some anti-anxiety medication, his panic subsided as he realized that he would most likely survive economically.But then something else emerged. He came in one (lay looking subdued and plopped(扑通一声落下 ) down in the chair. "I’m over the anxiety, but now I feel that I’m a loser," He was not clinically depressed: his sleep, appetite and ability to enjoy himself outside of work were unchanged. This was different.The problem was that his sense of success and accomplishment was intimately tied to his financial status; he did not know how to feel competent or good about himself without this external measure of his value.He wasn’t the only one. Over the last few months, I have seen a group of patients, all men, who experienced a near collapse in their self-esteem, though none of them were clinically depressed. Another patient summed it. up: "I used to be a master-of-the-universe kind of guy, but this cut me down to size."I have plenty of female patients who work in finance at high levels, but none of them has had this kind of psychological reaction. I can’t pretend this is a scientific survey, but I wonder if men are more likely than women 1o respond lifts way, At the risk of trading in gender stereotypes, do men rely disproportionately more on their work for their self-esteem than women do Or are they just more vulnerable to the inevitable narcissistic injury that comes with performing poorly or losing one’s jobA different patient was puzzled not by his anxiety about the market, but by his total lack of self-confidence. He had always had an easy intuitive feel for finance. But in the wake of the market collapse, he seriously questioned his knowledge and skill.Each of these patients experienced a sudden loss of the sense of mastery in the face of the financial meltdown and could not judge their success or failure without the only standard they knew --a financial profit.The challenge of maintaining one’s self-esteem without recognition or reward is daunting. Chances are that if you are impervious to self-doubt and go on feeling good about yourself in the face of failure, you have either won the temperamental sweepstakes or you have a real problem tolerating bad news.Of course, the relationship between self-esteem and achievement can be circular. Some argue that the best way to build self-esteem is to tell people at every turn how nice, smart and talented they are. That is probably a bad idea if you think that self-esteem and recognition should be the result of accomplishment; you feel good about yourself, in part, because you have done something well. On the other hand, it is hard to imagine people taking the first step without first having some basic notion of self-confidence.On Wall Street, though, a rising tide lifts many boats and vice versa, which means that there are many people who succeed--or fail--through no merit or fault of their own. This observation might ease a sense of personal responsibility for the economic crisis, but it was of little comfort to my patients. I think this is because for many of them, the previously expanding market gave them a sense of power along with something as strong as a drug--thrill.The human brain is acutely attuned(使相合) to rewards like money, sex and drugs. It turns out that the way a reward is delivered has an enormous impact on its strength. Unpredictable rewards produce much larger signals in the brain’s reward circuit than anticipated ones. Your reaction to situations that are either better or worse than expected is generally stronger to those you can predict.In a sense, the stock market is like a vast gambling casino where the reward can be spectacular, but always unpredictable. For many, the lure of investing is the thrill of uncertain reward. Now that thrill is gone, replaced by anxiety and fear.My patients lost more than money in the market. Beyond the rush and excitement, they lost their sense of competence and success. At least temporarily, I have no doubt that, like the economy, they will recover. But it’s a reminder of just how fragile our self-confidence can be. To some degree, in stock market the reward can be（）.
案例分析题Man-made climate change is "unequivocal (毋庸置疑的)" and demands urgent action. Yesterday’s report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change underlined the former point, (67) discussions at the World Economic Forum in Davos last week demonstrated the growing consensus on the (68) . The challenge now is action.The IPCC’s warning is serious: temperatures are likely to (69) by about 3℃ by 2100, with a (70) of 2℃ to 4.5℃. The latter would be close to the difference (71) the hast ice age and today.Adaptation is going to be part of the response, not least (72) a substantial rise in temperatures is already on the way: the stock of greenhouse gases in the (73) now is already 50 percent (74) pre-industrial levels. But it is also essential to (75) growth in the stock, ideally to (76) it below 550 parts per million, which would (77) be double the pre-industrial levels.On present trends, the atmosphere is (78) to reach such a concentration in just three decades. To (79) levels rising further, emissions will need to be reduced (80) at least 50 per cent below what Sir Nicholas Stern called "business as usual" -- (81) is, the continuation of historic trends--by then.The good news, (82) the Stern review of climate change, is that the economic (83) of achieving these objectives (84) be as little a 1 per cent of global gross product. However, the (85) news is that big changes to long-lived investment decisions will be required soon, (86) in the power sector. 85（）
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