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在“查询设计器”中已设置连接条件为“xscj.姓名=xsda．姓名”，若要在查询结果中显示xsda表中所有记录及xscj表中满足条件的记录，则连接类型应为 【20】 。
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(一) 材料1：据法国《世界报》报道，在从1992年至1997年末这一时期，国际货币基金组织、世界银行、欧洲复兴开发银行等以各种形式向俄罗斯提供了495.8亿美元的贷款。另据日本工业新闻报道，在此期间，包括国际货币基金组织、世界银行在内的国际金融机构通过双边关系向俄罗斯提供的信用贷款为700多亿美元。根据俄官方数字，现在俄罗斯外债为1400亿美元，扣除苏联时期约800亿美元的旧债，经济转轨以来俄罗斯的新债余额大体为600亿美元，与上述数据大体吻合。据估算，如果把各国政府和企业向俄罗斯政府和企业提供的各种贷款和援助加在一起，大约共1000亿美元。这的确是一笔不小的资金，即使如此，也只为激进民主派在经济转轨之初预想的3000亿美元的1/3左右。这说明，西方国家对俄罗斯的援助并不像激进民主派设想的那么慷慨。 ——《东欧中亚研究》 材料2：继在莫斯科俄美签署了关于削减进攻性战略力量条约和关于新型战略关系宣言之后，5月28日俄美两国领导人又与北约18国的首脑聚会意大利罗马共同签署了《罗马宣言》，决定正式成立北约一一俄罗斯理事会，以便在平等合作的机制下，共同协商、制定和实施俄罗斯与北约之间涉及相互利益的问题的决议；5月29日俄罗斯和欧盟首脑会议在莫斯科结束。双方签署了关于俄欧关系、加强双方政治和能源对话、维护欧洲安全及调解地区冲突等问题的五项联合声明。5月29日至30日独联体国家政府首脑会议也在摩尔多瓦举行，独联体12个国家在面对北约不断东扩的新形势下，通过协商探讨推动独联体国家政治和经济一体化进程。而不久之后(6月7日)上海合作组织首脑会议还将在圣彼得堡召开。 ——《联合早报》 材料3：2002年4月26日，上海合作组织成员国外交部长在莫斯科举行例行会议。中国、哈萨克斯坦、吉尔吉斯斯坦、俄罗斯、塔吉克斯坦等五国的外交部长和乌兹别克斯坦副外长就制定“上海合作组织”的重要法律文件…一“上海合作组织”宪章进行了磋商，以进一步推动“上海合作组织”的建设与合作。 5月15日，上海合作组织成员国国防部长也在莫斯科会晤，并就如何落实各国元首达成的共识，以及国际和地区形势，打击恐怖主义、分裂主义和极端主义，进一步加强上海合作组织成员国在军事领域的合作等问题充分交换了意见，达成了广泛共识。今年6月初，上海合作组织六国元首将在俄罗斯圣彼得堡会晤。 ——《联合早报》 “客观现实是俄国所需要的大批投资和新技术今天只能来自西方。不论我们是否喜欢，美国在这方面起关键作用”。另一方面，“西方将对俄国保持防范的倾向”。因此，“俄罗斯不可能在北约中占有平等地位”。“美国和日本都不会主动协助俄国提高在亚太的作用”。西方不可能向俄罗斯提供大量的经济援助和投资来帮助它彻底摆脱经济危机，俄罗斯的经济问题主要只能依靠俄罗斯自己的努力来解决。“鉴于俄罗斯的历史、地理及文化特点，西方在经济和技术上的强大，而俄罗斯暂时还没有找到南方和东方的天然盟友，它的长期目标应当是同从美国到日本的北线建立起稳定而现实的伙伴关系”。 ——《东欧中亚研究》 材料4：俄罗斯前总统普京在俄议会两院联席会议上发表国情咨文，总结三年来所做工作，全面阐述俄国内外方针政策。 在谈到联合国的作用时，普京说，联合国是解决国际问题的“全能机制，必须要保留”，他指出，尽管联合国通过的决议不是所有国家都喜欢，但国际社会没有另外一个能替代联合国的组织，因此应该保留联合国。 普京特别强调了俄加强与独联体国家关系的重要性，他说，“俄将独联体空间看做是俄的战略利益范畴，独联体国家也把俄看做是其国家利益区域。” 在谈到俄军队改革问题时，普京宣布，到2007年，俄军将建成一支建立在专业化基础上的陆军、空军、空降兵和海军部队。 ——《人民日报》 根据上面材料，回答下列问题： 根据材料1和所学知识说明俄罗斯外交政策调整的原因。
榫接按承插的形式不同，分为插入式榫接与搭扣式榫接两类，插入式榫接是指榫舌穿塞于榫眼中，因而结合比较牢固。
第三篇 Can Buildings be Designed to Resist Terrorist Attack In the aftermath of the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center, structural engineers are trying hard to solve a question that a month ago would have been completely unthinkable. Can buildings be designed to withstand catastrophic blasts inflicted by terrorists’ Ten day’s after the terrorist attacks on the twin towers, structural engineers from the University at Buffalo and the Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering Research(MCEER) headquartered at UB traveled to ground zero(世贸中心被毁现场)as part of a project funded by the National Science Foundation. Visiting the site as part of an MCEER reconnaissance visit, they spent two days beginning the task of formulating ideas about how to design such structures and to search for clues on how to do so in buildings that were damaged but still are standing. "Our objective in visiting ground zero was to go and look at the buildings surrounding the World Trade Center, those buildings that are still standing, but that sustained damage. " said M. Bruneau, Ph. D. "Our immediate hope is that we can develop a better understanding as to why those buildings remain standing, while our long-term goal is to see whether earthquake engineering technologies can be married to existing technologies to achieve enhanced performance of buildings in the event of terrorist attacks," he added. Photographs taken by the investigators demonstrate in startling detail the monumental damage inflicted on the World Trade Center towers and buildings in the vicinity(附近). "One building a block away from the towers remains standing, but was badly damaged. This building is many meters away from the World Trade Center and yet we see a column there that used to be a part of that building." explained A. Whittaker, Ph. D. "This column became a missile that shot across the road, through the window and through the floor. " The visit to the area also revealed some surprises, according to the engineers. For example, the floor framing system in one of the adjacent buildings was quite rugged, allowing floors that were pierced by tons of falling debris to remain intact. "Highly redundant ductile (易变形的)framing systems may provide a simple, but robust strategy for blast resistance. " he added. Other strategies may include providing alternate paths for gravity loads in the event that a load-bearing column fails. "We also need a better understanding of the mechanism of collapse," said A. Whittaker. "We need to find out what causes a building to collapse and how you can predict it." Reinhom, Ph.D. noted that earthquake shaking has led to the collapse of many buildings in the past. It induces dynamic response and extremely high stresses and deformations in structural components. Solutions developed for earthquake-resistant design may be directly applicable to blast engineering and terrorist-resistant design. Part of our mission now at UB is to transfer these solutions and to develop new ones where none exist at present. The column mentioned by Dr. Whittaker______.
下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白白确定1个最佳选项。 Unpopular Subjects Is there a place in today’s society for the study of useless subjects in our universities Just over 100 years ago Fitzgerald argued in a well-written letter to Nature that "universities must be allowed to study useless subjects-if (51) don’t, who will" He went on to use the example of Maxwell’s electrodynamics(电动力学) as one case where a "useless subject" has been transformed (转换) to a (52) subject. Nowadays this argument is again very active in many (53) Indeed one suspects that it is one of those arguments that must be fought anew (重新) by each generation. But now there is an (54) twist (歪曲，扭曲) -subjects must not only be useful, they (55) also be popular enough that students will flock (蜂拥) to do them, and even flock to (56) to do them. As universities become commercial operations, the pressure to eliminate(去除) subjects or departments that are less popular will become (57) . Perhaps this is more acutely(尖锐的) felt at the moment by physics. There has been much discussion in the press of universities that are (58) physics departments and incorporate(使合并)them with mathematics or engineering departments. Many scientists think otherwise. They see physics as a (59) science, which must be kept alive if only to provide a (60) for other sciences and engineering. It is of their great personal concern that physics teaching and research is (61) in many universities. How can it be preserved(保留，保存)in the rush towards commercial (62) A major turnaround (转变) in student popularity(讨人喜欢，流行) may have to wait (63) the industrial world discovers that it needs physicists and starts paying them well. Physics is now not only unpopular; it is also "hard". We can do more about the latter by (64) teaching in our schools and universities. We can also develop cooperative arrangements to ensure that physicists (65) their research and teaching up to date.
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