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Paris is the capital of the European nation of France. It is also one of the most beautiful and most famous cities in the world.Paris is called the City of Light. It is also an international fashion center. What stylish women are wearing in Paris will be worn by women all over the world. Paris is also a famous world center of education. For instance, it is the headquarters of UNESCO, the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization.The Seine River divides the city into two parts. Thirty-two bridges cross this scenic river. The oldest and perhaps most well known is the Pont Neuf, which was built in the sixteenth century. The Sorbonne, a famous university, is located on the Left Bank(south side) of the river. The beautiful white church Sacre Coeur lies on top of the hill called Montmartre on the Right Bank(north side) of the Seine.There are many other famous places in Paris, such as the famous museum the Louvre as well as the Cathedral of Notre Dame. However, the most famous landmark in this city must be the Eiffel Tower.Paris is named after a group of people called the Parisii. They built a small village on an island in the middle of the Seine River about two thousand years ago. This island, called the Ile de la Cite, is where Notre Dame is located. Today around eight million people live in the Paris area. A good title for this selection is()

A. The French Language
B. The City of Paris
C. Education and Culture in France
D. The Seine River

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It is often difficult for visitors to understand Americans’ lack of desire for privacy. They are not a nation of walled gardens and closed gates. Their yards normally run into one another without fences;they often visit one another’s homes without being invited or telephoning first; they leave their office doors open while they work.Their lack of desire for privacy probably results from their history as a nation. America is a big country. There have never been walled cities in the United States, nor was there the need for Americans to protect themselves from neighboring states. During the early years, America had so few settlers that neighbors were very important; they were not to be shut out by doors and fences. Neighbors offered protection and helped in the hard work of settling the land. They depended upon each other.From the nation’s early history has come the desire for openness rather than privacy. Visitors will notice this desire in a number of small ways; there may be rooms in American homes that do not have doors or that have glass walls. If you notice that people forget to close your door when they leave your room, do not think that this is rude, help them to learn that you would like it to be closed, or else become accustomed to new ways. In either case, be patient with the differences. According to the passage, the present tense in English is ()

A. not used to express a desire to do something in the immediate future
B. used with some verbs but not with others to express future intention
C. basically the same in English as it is in Spanish
D. not the most difficult problem for foreign students

Communication between villages and the nearest town was poor. Roads were bad; there was some attempt to keep them in order, but as each parish was responsible for its own section of road, the state of repair depends on the zeal of the parish officers. There was, however, little wheeled traffic except for farm coaches used by men of wealth. Most traffic was by means of pack horses. Travelers rode on horseback or walked. Since communication was so difficult, the local markets, held weekly at the nearest town, or the fairs, held annually at the greater cities, became important places for the exchange of goods of all kinds. Poor roads were probably so because of()

A. the costliness of reforms
B. politics on a parish level
C. the competition between parishes
D. the indolence of local authorities

Communication between villages and the nearest town was poor. Roads were bad; there was some attempt to keep them in order, but as each parish was responsible for its own section of road, the state of repair depends on the zeal of the parish officers. There was, however, little wheeled traffic except for farm coaches used by men of wealth. Most traffic was by means of pack horses. Travelers rode on horseback or walked. Since communication was so difficult, the local markets, held weekly at the nearest town, or the fairs, held annually at the greater cities, became important places for the exchange of goods of all kinds. Most traffic was not on wheels because ()

A. most people could not afford this means of travel
B. springless coaches were uncomfortable
C. pack horses were better than coaches
D. roads were so bad

(3)分析材料4,选择一个最恰当的原理,简述马克思主义具有与时俱进品质的原因。

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