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（三）资料 某汽车厂的管理人员对该厂近几年来的生产率进行了统计和比较分析，发现每年夏季生产率比其他季节低，厂长刘某认为，这是由于员工消极对抗管理层的新措施所致，副厂长李某认为这是由于夏季气温高，生产条件得不到保障所致。 根据以上材料完成下列问题： 刘某的归因属( )。
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TEXT 3 Dozens of companies these days are hawking genetic testing kits, which claim to give consumers a glimpse of their future health. But how accurate are they Perhaps not very, according to witnesses at U. S. Senate hearing here today, as well a report released concurrently by the Government Accountability Office (GAO), Congress’s investigation arm. There are genetic tests for more than 1000 conditions. While in some cases, such as cystic fibrosis, having a particular set of mutations all but guarantees disease, in many others it correlates only with an increase in disease risk. For example, mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes correspond with a roughly 50% to 80% risk of breast cancer. DNA tests are regulated by the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA), which, some critics have charged, lacks the ability to effectively oversee complex and rapidly changing diagnostics. While most DNA tests are administered in a doctor’s office, some can be ordered from companies online. A subset of these tests, called "nutragenic" DNA tests, claim to provide consumers with information about diseases for which they’re supposedly at risk as well as, in some cases, dietary advice, such as pills sold by the company, that may counter the hazard. It’s this class of tests that GAO and the Senate’s Special Committee on Aging tackled. To conduct the investigation, the GAO team ordered DNA tests online, all of which examined between four and 19 genes, from four companies: Market America, Genelex, Sciona, and Suracell. Using DNA samples from a 48-year-old man and the 9-month-old daughter of GAO’s Gregory Kutz, who helped assemble the report, the team created 14 fictitious characters with various lifestyles. If the companies were truly focusing on genetics, many of the results that came back didn’t make sense. In some cases, two DNA samples from the same source came back with a different list of disease risks. In addition, the companies recommended nutritional formulas tailored to an individual’s DNA, but the investigators found that identical formulas were prescribed for people with different DNA. The DNA tests "threaten more than the public’s pocketbook; they threaten public health," Kathy Hudson of the Genetics and Public Policy Center testified at the hearing. Hudson told the senators that legislation was needed to better regulate and validate these tests. Representatives from the companies, however, took a different view. Rosalynn Gill-Garrison, the chief science officer of Sciona, based in Boulder, Colorado, emphasized that her firm’s products were safe, effective, and ethically appropriate. Some results of genetic tests are ______.
（二）资料 小张已通过了经济专业的任职资格考试，并已取得《专业技术资格证书》，但是，单位并没有聘任他担任相应的专业技术职务。 小张所获得的《专业技术资格证书》( )。
(由单选和多选组成。)（一）资料 小明今年高中毕业，他想继续上大学，他爸爸则认为上大学费用高，而且将来工作不好找，还不如早点出去打工挣钱。 如小明选择上大学，他上大学的非货币收益包括( )。
(四)资料 某市是一个以纺织工业为中心的城市，专家在对其劳动力市场状况进行研究之后，发现了以下几个方面的情况：第一，由于我国和西方国家之间的贸易纠纷得到解决，该市纺织企业所生产的产品在国际市场上的需求大增；第二，失业者成为非劳动力、非劳动力成为就业者流量加大，其他几种流动方向的流量基本保持不变；第三，该市不同家庭之间的收入差距正在扩大。 该市收入差距扩大的情况可以( )。
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