题目内容
Text 4 In a paper just published in Science, Peter Gordon of Columbia University uses his study of the Piraha and their counting system to try to answer a tricky linguistic question. The Piraha, a group of hunter-gatherers who live along the banks of the Maiei River in Brazil, use a system of counting called "one-two-many". In this, the word for "one" translates to "roughly one" (similar to "one or two" in English), the word for "two" means "a slightly larger amount than one" (similar to "a few" in English), and the word for "many" means "a much larger amount". This question was posed by Benjamin Lee Whorl in the 1930s. Whorl studied Hopi, an Amerindian language very different from tile Eurasian languages that had hitherto been the subject of academic linguistics. His work led him to suggest that language not only influences thought but, more strongly, that it determines thought. While there is no dispute that language influences what people think about, evidence suggesting it determines thought is inconclusive. For example, in 1972, Eleanor Rosch and Karl Heider investigated the colour-naming abilities of the Dani people of Indonesia. The Dani have words for only two colours.- black and white. But Dr. Rosch and Dr. Heider found that, even so, Dani could distinguish and comprehend other colours. That does not support the deterministic version of the Whorl hypothesis. While recognising that there are such things as colours for which you have no name is certainly a cognitive leap, it may not be a good test of Whorf’s ideas. Colours, after all, are out there everywhere. Numbers, by contrast, are abstract, so may be a better test. Dr. Gordon therefore spent a month with the Piraha and elicited the help of seven of them to see how far their grasp of numbers extended. The tests began simply, with a row of, say, seven evenly spaced batteries. Gradually, they got more complicated. The more complicated tests included tasks such as matching numbers of unevenly spaced objects, replicating the number of objects from memory, and copying a number of straight lines from a drawing. In the tests that involved matching the number and layout of objects they could see, participants were pretty good when faced with two or three items, but found it harder to cope as the number of items rose. Things were worse when the participants had to remember the number of objects in a layout and replicate it "blind", rather than matching a layout they could see. In this case the success rate dropped to zero when the number of items became, in terms of their language, "many". And line drawing produced the worst results of all--though that could have had as much to do with the fact that drawing is not part of Piraha culture as it did with the difficulties of numerical abstraction. Indeed, Dr. Gordon described the task of reproducing straight lines as being accomplished only with "heavy sighs and groans". Dr. Gordon focused his attention on the Piraha’ s counting ability because
查看答案
搜索结果不匹配？点我反馈
更多问题
总部位于A省的某集团公司在B省有甲、乙、丙三家下属企业。为加强和规范应急管理工作，该集团公司委托某咨询公司编制应急救援预案。咨询公司通过调查、分析集团公司及下属企业的安全生产风险，完成了应急救援预案起草工作，提交到集团公司会议上进行评审。评审时，集团公司领导的意见是：(1)集团公司和甲、乙、丙三家企业的应急救援预案在应急组织指挥结构上应保持一致；(2)集团公司有自己的职工医院和消防队，应急救援时伤员救治要依靠职工医院，抢险力量队伍要依靠集团公司消防队；(3)周边居民安全疏散，应由集团公司通知地方政府有关部门，并由地方政府组织实施；(4)应急救援预案中因部分内容涉及集团公司商业秘密，因此，应急救援预案不对企业全体员工和外界公开，只传达到各企业中层以上干部；(5)应急救援预案要报A省安全生产监督管理部门备案。近期，该集团公司完成了一套应急救援预案的演练计划。该计划设计的演练内容为：(1)打开液氨储罐阀门，将液氨排到储罐的围堰内；(2)参演人员在规定的时间内关闭阀门，将围堰内的液氨进行安全处置；(3)救出模拟中毒人员。 2008年3月6日，集团公司在甲企业进行了应急救援实战演练，演练地点设在甲企业的液氨储罐区。为保障参演人员、控制人员和观摩人员的安全，集团公司事先调来乙企业全部空气呼吸器、防毒面具、防爆型无线对讲机和监测仪器，同时调来集团公司消防队所有的水罐车、泡沫车和职工医院的救护车辆。演练从10点钟开始，按照事先制订的演练计划进行：10点20分氨气扩散到厂区外，由于演练前未组织周边群众撤离，扩散的氨气导致两名群众中毒：10点30分，抢救完中毒群众后，演练继续按计划进行。 根据以上场景，回答下列问题 指出本案的应急救援演练中存在的问题。
Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on Answer Sheet 1. The amount of sunlight reaching Earth’s surface appears to be growing. The phenomenon, which some dub "global brightening," (1) scientists with a puzzle. If the (2) is real and global, how long will it last and what are the consequences for climate change, the planet’s water cycle, and other (3) that draw energy from sunlight (4) , the answer might seem obvious: More sunlight reaching the ground in a warming world means that temperatures will get warmer (5) . Not so fast, some researchers say. Additional warming would be certain (6) nothing else in the climate system changes. And the climate system is (7) static. Some combinations of changes could reinforce the heating; others could (8) it. Unraveling these interactions and forecasting their course require an accurate accounting of the sunlight reaching the surface and the (9) the surface sends skyward. Moreover, researchers say, measurements of the sun’s strength at Earth’s surface are potentially powerful tools for (10) human influences on the climate. Earth’s radiation "budget" (11) an "extremely important parameter that is (12) known,’ says Robert Charlson, an atmospheric scientist at the University of Washington at Seattle. "It needs to be (13) much better than it is." (14) about the amount of sunlight reaching Earth’s surface were first raised in 1974. Researchers from the United States and Israel recorded a 12% drop (15) sunlight over 40 years at a (16) station in the southern Sinai Peninsula. Since then, others have used a variety of techniques to try to track (17) sunlight. Three years ago, for example, a (18) led by Beate Liepert at Columbia University’s Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory gathered data from ground (19) around the world and found that solar radiation reaching the surface fell (20) 4% from 1961 to 1990.
When does the woman plan to arrive
某服装厂厂房为一栋六层钢筋混凝土建筑物。厂房一层是裁床车间，二层是手缝和包装车间及办公室，三至六层是成衣车间。厂房一层原有4个门，后2个门被封死，1个门上了锁，仅留1个门供员工上下班进出。厂房内唯一的上下楼梯平台上堆放了杂物，仅留0.8 m宽的通道供员工通行。半年前，在厂房一层用木板和铁栅栏分隔出了一个临时库房。由于用电负荷加大，临时库房内总电闸保险丝经常烧断。为不影响生产，电工用铜丝代替临时库房内的总电闸保险丝。经总电闸引出的电线，搭在铁栅栏上，穿出临时库房，但没有用绝缘套管，电线下堆放了2 m高的木料。2008年6月6日，该服装厂发生火灾事故。起火初期火势不大：有员工试图拧开消火栓和用灭火器灭火，但因不会操作未果。火势迅速蔓延至二、三层。当时，正在二层办公的厂长看到火灾后立即逃离现场：二至六层的401名员工在无人指挥的情况下慌乱逃生，多人跳楼逃生摔伤；一层人员全部逃出。该起火灾事故，造成67人死亡、51人受伤，直接经济损失3600万元。事故调查发现，起火原因是一层库房内电线短路产生高温熔珠，引燃堆在下面的木料；整个火灾过程中无人报警；事故前该厂曾收到当地消防机构关于该厂火险隐患的责令限期改正通知书，但未整改；厂内仅有一名电工，且无特种作业人员操作证。 根据以上场景，回答下列问题(1～3题为单选题，4～8题为多选题) 此次火灾发生初期，作为企业负责人的厂长应优先( )。
微信支付 
支付宝支付