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It’’s hardly news anymore that Americans are just too fat. A quick look around the mall, the beach or the crowd at any baseball game will leave no room for doubt:our individual weight problems have become a national crisis. Even so, the actual numbers are shocking. Fully two-thirds of U. S. adults are officially overweight, and about half of those have graduated to full-blown obesity. It wouldn’’t be such a big deal if the problem were simple aesthetic. But excess poundage takes a terrible toll on the human body. significantly increasing the risk of heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, infertility, and many forms of cancer. The total medical bill for illnesses related to obesity is $117 billion a year-and climbing - and the Journal of the American Medical Association reported that poor diet and physical inactivity could soon overtake tobacco as the leading cause of preventable death in the U. S. Why is it happening The obvious, almost trivial answer is that we eat too much high-calorie food and don’’t burn it off with enough exercise. If only we could change those habits, the problem would go away. But clearly it isn’’t that easy. Americans pour scores of billions of dollars every year into weight-loss products and health-club memberships. Food and drug companies spend even more trying to find a magic food or drug that will melt the pounds away. Yet the nation’’s collective waistline just keeps growing. It’’s natural to try to find something to blame - fast-food joints or food manufacturers or even ourselves for having too little willpower. But the ultimate reason for obesity may be rooted deep within our genes. Obedient to the inevitable laws of evolution, the human race adapted over millions of years to living in a world of scarcity, where it paid to eat every good-tasting thing in sight when you could find it. Although our physiology has stayed pretty much the same for the past 50,000 years or so,we humans have utterly transformed our environment. Over the past century especially, technology has almost completely removed physical exercise from the day-to-day lives of most Americans. At the same time, it has filled supermarket shelves with cheap, mass-produced, good-tasting food that is packed with calories. And finally, technology has allowed advertisers to deliver constant, virtually irresistible messages that say "Eat this now" to everyone old enough to watch TV. This artificial environment is most pervasive in the U. S. and other industrialized countries, and that’’s exactly where the fat crisis is most acute. According to the 2nd paragraph,
Seventeen-year-old Quantae Williams doesn’t understand why the U. S. Supreme Court struck down his school district’s racial diversity program. He now (61) the prospect of leaving his mixed-race high school in suburban Louisville and (62) to the poor black downtown schools where he (63) in fights. "I’m doing (64) in town. They should just leave it the (65) it is," said Williams, using a fond nickname for suburban Jeffersontown High School, (66) he’s bused every day from his downtown neighborhood. "Everything is (67) , we get along well. If I go where all my friends go, I’ll start getting in trouble again," Williams said as he took a (68) from his summer job (69) clothing (70) for poor families. Last month’s 5-4 ruling by the Supreme Court struck down programs that were started voluntarily in Louisville and Seattle. The court’s decision has left schools (71) the country (72) to find a way to protect (73) in their classrooms. Critics have called the decision the biggest (74) to the ideals of the 1954 Brown vs. Board of Education (75) , which outlawed racial segregation in U. S. public schools. With students already (76) to schools for the (77) year that begins in September, (78) will be immediately affected by the Supreme Court decision. In Jefferson County, officials said it could be two years (79) a new plan is (80) place, leaving most students in their current schools.
For three decades we’’ve heard endlessly about the virtues of aerobic (increasing oxygen consumption) exercise. Medical authorities have praised running and jumping as the key to good health, and millions of Americans have taken to the treadmill(踏车) to reap the rewards. But the story is changing. Everyone from the American Heart Association to the surgeon general’’s office has recently embraced strength training as a complement to aerobics. And as weight lifting has gone mainstream, so has the once obscure practice known as "Super Slow" training. Enthusiasts claim that by pumping iron at a snail’’s pace-making each "rep"(repeat) last 14 seconds instead of the usual seven-you can safely place extraordinary demands on your muscles, and call forth an extraordinary response. Slow lifting may not be the only exercise you need, as some advocates believe, but the benefits are often dramatic. Almost anyone can handle this routine. The only requirements are complete focus and a tolerance for deep muscular burn. Fox each exercise-leg press, bench press, shoulder press and so on-you set the machine to provide only moderate resistance. But as you draw out each rep, depriving yourself of impetus, the weight soon feels unbearable. Defying the impulse to stop, you keep going until you can’’t complete a rep. Then you sustain your vain effort for 10 more seconds while the weight sinks gradually toward its cradle. Intense Uncomfortable Totally. But once you embrace muscle failure as the goal of the workout, it can become almost pleasure. The goal is not to burn calories while you’’re exercising but to make your body burn them all the time. Running a few miles many make you sweat, but it expends only 100 calories per mile, and it doesn’’t stimulate much bone or muscle development. Strength training doesn’’t burn many calories, either. But when you push a muscle to failure, you set off a pour of physiological changes. As the muscle recovers over several days, it will thicken-and the new muscle tissue will demand sustenance. By the time you add three pounds of muscle, your body requires an extra 9,000 calories a month just to break even. Hold your diet steady and, very quickly, you are vaporizing body fat. One might have benefited from any strength-training program. But advocates insist the slow technique is safer and more effective than traditional methods. Slow weight lifters are required to make each rep
根据以下资料，回答下列问题。 2011年全国农民工总量达到25278万人，比上年增加1055万人，增长4.4%。农民工从业仍以制造业、建筑业和服务业为主，从事建筑业的比重明显提高。从农民工的就业地区来看，2011年在东部地区务工的农民工16537万人，比上年增加324万人；在中部地区务工的农民工4438万人，比上年增加334万人，增长8.1%；在西部地区务工的农民工4215万人，比上年增加370万人，增长9.6%。 2008～2011年农民工从事的主要行业分布 单位：% 2008年 2009年 2010年 2011年 制造业 37.2 36.1 36.7 36.0 建筑业 13.8 15.2 16.1 17.7 交通运输、仓储和邮政业 6.4 6.8 6.9 6.6 批发零售业 9.0 10.0 10.0 10.1 住宿餐饮业 5.5 6.0 6.0 5.3 居民服务和其他服务业 12.2 12.7 12.7 12.2 2011年农民工在不同地区从事的主要行业分布 单位：% 全国 东部地区 中部地区 西部地区 制造业 36.0 44.8 23.0 15.4 建筑业 17.7 13.4 24.7 27.4 交通运输、仓储和邮政业 6.6 15.5 8.1 9.3 批发零售业 10.1 8.7 13.1 12.5 住宿餐饮业 5.3 4.5 15.9 7.3 居民服务和其他服务业 12.2 12.3 11.4 12.2 能够从上述资料中推出的是( )。
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