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Parents ________________ (倾其所有) to send their sons to university, but considered the thought of educating their daughters extremely foolish.
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Passage One Atoms, the basic building blocks of matter, are made of three basic components: protons, neutrons and electrons. The protons and neutrons cluster together to form the nucleus, the central part of the atom, and the electrons orbit about the nucleus. Protons and electrons both carry an electrical charge(电荷). The charges they carry are opposite to each other; protons carry a positive electrical charge while electrons carry a negative electrical charge. Neutrons carry no charge at all. Electricity is the movement of charged particles, usually electrons, from one place to another. Materials that electricity can move through easily are called conductors. Most metals, such as iron, copper and aluminum, are good conductors of electricity. Other materials, such as rubber, wood and glass, block the flow of electricity. Materials which prevent the flow of electricity are called insulators (绝缘体). Electrical cords are usually made with both conductors and insulators. Electricity flows through a conductor in the center of the cord. A layer of insulation surrounds the conductor and prevents the electricity from "leaking" out. Objects usually have equal numbers of positive and negative charges, but it isn’t too hard to temporarily create an imbalance. One way scientists can create an imbalance is with a machine called a Van de Graaff generator. It creates a large static charge by placing electrons on a metal dome(钟形罩) using a motor and a big rubber band. Since like charges repel, the electrons push away from each other as they collect on the dome. Eventually, too many electrons are placed on the dome and they leap off, creating a spark that looks like a bolt of lightning. Have you ever received a shock after having walked across a carpet This shock was caused by extra electrons you collected while walking across the carpet. Your body became like the dome of the Van de Graaff generator, full of extra electrons looking for a way to get away. The path back to the carpet was blocked by the shoes you were wearing, but they were able to move through your hand and into the object that you touched, causing the shock. So, the next time you walk across a carpet and shock your friend on the ear, tell them you were just trying to be a Van de Graaff generator! The direct reason for your body shock after you have walked across a carpet is that ______.
Questions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
Text 1 In an interview last month, Frank Church, chairman of the Senate committee that is investigating the CIA, issued an oblique but impassioned warning, that the technology of eavesdropping had become so highly developed that Americans might soon be left with "no place to hide". That day may have arrived. Newsweek has learned that the country’s most secret intelligence operation, the National Security Agency, already possesses the computerized equipment to monitor nearly all overseas telephone calls and most domestic and international printed messages. The agency’s devices monitor thousands of telephone circuits, cable lines and the microwave transmissons that carry an increasing share of both spoken and written communications. Computers are programed to watch for "trigger" words or phrases indicating that a message might interest intelligence analysis, when the trigger is pulled, entire messages are tape-recorded or printed out. That kind of eavesdropping is, however, relatively simple compared with the breakthroughs that lie ahead in the field of snoopery. Already it is technically feasible to "bug" an electric typewriter by picking up its feeble electronic emissions from a remote location and then translating them into words. And some scientists believe that it may be possible in the future for remote electronic equipment to intercept and "read" human brain waves. Where such capabilities exist, so too does the potential for abuse. It is the old story of technology rushing forward with some new wonder, before the man who supposedly control the machines have figure out how to prevent the machines from controlling them. It can be inferred that ______.
Since the 1960s, the British have become more adventurous in their diet and now eat a wide (67) of food from around the world. Many (68) foods such as beef and potatoes have given (69) to seafood and pasta dishes. Fast food has also become more (70) , and hamburger restaurants now (71) the traditional fish-and-chip shops (72) popularity. Numerous Chinese and Indian restaurants and pizza houses provide take-away (73) , and many pubs (public houses) serve (74) from snacks to full meals as well as alcoholic beverages. Traditional English dishes include roast beef and steak-and-kidney pie. The English generally eat three (75) a day. The traditional English breakfast consists (76) any or all of the following: bacon, sausages, grilled (77) fried tomatoes, mushrooms, eggs, or toast. (78) , fewer people now eat a cooked breakfast on a regular basis, (79) various combinations of cereal, toast, juice or fruit, and tea or coffee. The midday meal is usually (80) to as lunch and the evening meal as dinner or, when it is less formal, (81) supper. Northerners often (82) the midday meal dinner and the meal they have in the early evening "tea" The tradition of (83) tea, that is taking tea, biscuits, and cakes at about 4P. M., is (84) Similarly, many people (85) longer have more than a (86) lunch or snack in the middle of the day.
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