题目内容

A 26-year-old woman recently decided to adopt a healthier diet and eat more fruits and vegetables. Aa a result, her potassium intake increased from 80 to 160 mmol/day. Which of the following conditions would you expect to find 2 weeks after she increased her potassium intake, compared with before the increase? In terms of potassium excretion rate, sodium excretion rate, plasma aldosterone concentration and plasma potassium concentration, respectively. ( )

A. ↔,↔,↑,Large increase (>1mmol/L)
B. ↔,↓,↑,Small increase (
C. ↑2x,↔,↑, Small increase (
D. ↑2x,↑,↓, Large increase (>1mmol/L)
E. ↑2x,↑,↔,Large increase (>1mmol/L)

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A 55-year-old man who has been undergoing stable and successful anticoagulation with warfarin for recurrent deep vein thrombosis is treated for pneumonia, and 8 days later he presents with lower intestinal bleeding. His prothrombin time is quite prolonged. What is the appropriate therapy? ()

A. Treatment with tissue plasminogen activator
B. Infusion of calcium citrate
C. Treatment with fresh frozen plasma and vitamin K
D. Rapid infusion of protamine
E. Treatment with heparin sodium

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A clinical study is conducted to determine the time course of gastric acid secretion and gastric pH in healthy volunteers after a meal consisting of 10 percent fat, 30 percent protein, and 60 percent carbohydrate. The results show an immediate increase in the pH of the gastric juice after the meal, which is followed several minutes later by a secondary increase in the rate of acid secretion. A decrease in which substance is most likely to facilitate the secondary increase in the rate of acid secretion in these volunteers?( )

A. Gastrin
B. Cholecystokinin
C. Somatostatin
D. Vasoactive intestinal peptide
E. Motilin

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Which of the following best describes the process by which glucose can be formed from amino acids?( )

A. Gluconeogenesis
B. Glycogenesis
C. Glycogenolysis
D. Glycolysis
E. Hydrolysis

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Men who take large doses of testosterone-like androgenic steroids for long periods are sterile in the reproductive sense of the word. What is the explanation for this finding?( )

A. High levels of androgens bind to testosterone receptors in the Sertoli cells, resulting in overstimulation of inhibin formation.
B. Overstimulation of sperm cell production results in the formation of defective sperm cells.
C. High levels of androgen compounds inhibit the secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone by the hypothalamus, resulting in the inhibition of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone release by the anterior pituitary.
D. High levels of androgen compounds produce hypertrophic dysfunction of the prostate gland.
E. High levels of androgens bind to testosterone receptors in the Leydig cells, resulting in overstimulation of inhibin formation.

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A. ↔,↔,↑,Large increase (>1mmol/L) B. ↔,↓,↑,Small increase ( C. ↑2x,↔,↑, Small increase ( D. ↑2x,↑,↓, Large increase (>1mmol/L) E. ↑2x,↑,↔,Large increase (>1mmol/L)

A 55-year-old man who has been undergoing stable and successful anticoagulation with warfarin for recurrent deep vein thrombosis is treated for pneumonia, and 8 days later he presents with lower intestinal bleeding. His prothrombin time is quite prolonged. What is the appropriate therapy? ()

Which of the following best describes the process by which glucose can be formed from amino acids?( )

Men who take large doses of testosterone-like androgenic steroids for long periods are sterile in the reproductive sense of the word. What is the explanation for this finding?( )

A. ↔,↔,↑,Large increase (>1mmol/L)
B. ↔,↓,↑,Small increase (
C. ↑2x,↔,↑, Small increase (
D. ↑2x,↑,↓, Large increase (>1mmol/L)
E. ↑2x,↑,↔,Large increase (>1mmol/L)