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Doctors already know that people who smoke can damage their hearing. The latest study in the journal Tobacco Control,【C1】more than 3,000 US adults, suggests the same is true of passive smoking. Experts believe tobacco smoke may【C2】blood flow in the small vessels of the ear. This could starve the organ of oxygen and lead to a build up of【C3】waste, causing damage. The harm is different【C4】that caused by noise exposure or simple ageing. In the study, the researchers from the University of Miami and Florida International University looked at the hearing test results of 3,307 non-smoking volunteers— some who were ex-smokers and some who had never smoked in their lifetime. The tests measured【C5】of hearing over low, mid and high noise frequencies. To【C6】passive smoke exposure, the volunteers had their blood checked for a byproduct of nicotine, called cotinine, which is made when the body comes into【C7】tobacco smoke. This【C8】that people exposed to second-hand smoke were far more likely to have poorer hearing than others, and to a degree where they might struggle to【C9】a conversation in the【C10】of background noise. Passive smoking increased their risk of hearing loss across all sound frequencies by about a third. Dr David Fabry, who led the research, said: "We【C11】do not know exactly how much smoke you need to be exposed to in order to be at increased risk. 【C12】we do know that the【C13】for damage is very low. Really, the safe level of exposure is no exposure." Dr Ralph Holme, head of another research team, said: "We already knew from our own research that regular【C14】smoking is a significant risk【C15】leading to hearing loss and this new study is important as it【C16】the increased risks posed by passive smoking too. Hearing loss can often be very【C17】and lead to social isolation, if not quickly【C18】Before you next【C19】a cigarette, consider how it could impact not only【C20】your own long-term hearing but your friends" and relatives" too." 【C5】

A. range
B. type
C. sense
D. time

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Doctors already know that people who smoke can damage their hearing. The latest study in the journal Tobacco Control,【C1】more than 3,000 US adults, suggests the same is true of passive smoking. Experts believe tobacco smoke may【C2】blood flow in the small vessels of the ear. This could starve the organ of oxygen and lead to a build up of【C3】waste, causing damage. The harm is different【C4】that caused by noise exposure or simple ageing. In the study, the researchers from the University of Miami and Florida International University looked at the hearing test results of 3,307 non-smoking volunteers— some who were ex-smokers and some who had never smoked in their lifetime. The tests measured【C5】of hearing over low, mid and high noise frequencies. To【C6】passive smoke exposure, the volunteers had their blood checked for a byproduct of nicotine, called cotinine, which is made when the body comes into【C7】tobacco smoke. This【C8】that people exposed to second-hand smoke were far more likely to have poorer hearing than others, and to a degree where they might struggle to【C9】a conversation in the【C10】of background noise. Passive smoking increased their risk of hearing loss across all sound frequencies by about a third. Dr David Fabry, who led the research, said: "We【C11】do not know exactly how much smoke you need to be exposed to in order to be at increased risk. 【C12】we do know that the【C13】for damage is very low. Really, the safe level of exposure is no exposure." Dr Ralph Holme, head of another research team, said: "We already knew from our own research that regular【C14】smoking is a significant risk【C15】leading to hearing loss and this new study is important as it【C16】the increased risks posed by passive smoking too. Hearing loss can often be very【C17】and lead to social isolation, if not quickly【C18】Before you next【C19】a cigarette, consider how it could impact not only【C20】your own long-term hearing but your friends" and relatives" too." 【C4】

A. in
B. to
C. as
D. with

Doctors already know that people who smoke can damage their hearing. The latest study in the journal Tobacco Control,【C1】more than 3,000 US adults, suggests the same is true of passive smoking. Experts believe tobacco smoke may【C2】blood flow in the small vessels of the ear. This could starve the organ of oxygen and lead to a build up of【C3】waste, causing damage. The harm is different【C4】that caused by noise exposure or simple ageing. In the study, the researchers from the University of Miami and Florida International University looked at the hearing test results of 3,307 non-smoking volunteers— some who were ex-smokers and some who had never smoked in their lifetime. The tests measured【C5】of hearing over low, mid and high noise frequencies. To【C6】passive smoke exposure, the volunteers had their blood checked for a byproduct of nicotine, called cotinine, which is made when the body comes into【C7】tobacco smoke. This【C8】that people exposed to second-hand smoke were far more likely to have poorer hearing than others, and to a degree where they might struggle to【C9】a conversation in the【C10】of background noise. Passive smoking increased their risk of hearing loss across all sound frequencies by about a third. Dr David Fabry, who led the research, said: "We【C11】do not know exactly how much smoke you need to be exposed to in order to be at increased risk. 【C12】we do know that the【C13】for damage is very low. Really, the safe level of exposure is no exposure." Dr Ralph Holme, head of another research team, said: "We already knew from our own research that regular【C14】smoking is a significant risk【C15】leading to hearing loss and this new study is important as it【C16】the increased risks posed by passive smoking too. Hearing loss can often be very【C17】and lead to social isolation, if not quickly【C18】Before you next【C19】a cigarette, consider how it could impact not only【C20】your own long-term hearing but your friends" and relatives" too." 【C2】

A. change
B. disrupt
C. stop
D. accelerate

患者，男，因十二指肠溃疡幽门梗阻入院，为减轻其不适，最佳的洗胃时间为

A. 饭后0.5小时
B. 饭后1小时
C. 饭后2小时
D. 饭后3小时
E. 空腹

Doctors already know that people who smoke can damage their hearing. The latest study in the journal Tobacco Control,【C1】more than 3,000 US adults, suggests the same is true of passive smoking. Experts believe tobacco smoke may【C2】blood flow in the small vessels of the ear. This could starve the organ of oxygen and lead to a build up of【C3】waste, causing damage. The harm is different【C4】that caused by noise exposure or simple ageing. In the study, the researchers from the University of Miami and Florida International University looked at the hearing test results of 3,307 non-smoking volunteers— some who were ex-smokers and some who had never smoked in their lifetime. The tests measured【C5】of hearing over low, mid and high noise frequencies. To【C6】passive smoke exposure, the volunteers had their blood checked for a byproduct of nicotine, called cotinine, which is made when the body comes into【C7】tobacco smoke. This【C8】that people exposed to second-hand smoke were far more likely to have poorer hearing than others, and to a degree where they might struggle to【C9】a conversation in the【C10】of background noise. Passive smoking increased their risk of hearing loss across all sound frequencies by about a third. Dr David Fabry, who led the research, said: "We【C11】do not know exactly how much smoke you need to be exposed to in order to be at increased risk. 【C12】we do know that the【C13】for damage is very low. Really, the safe level of exposure is no exposure." Dr Ralph Holme, head of another research team, said: "We already knew from our own research that regular【C14】smoking is a significant risk【C15】leading to hearing loss and this new study is important as it【C16】the increased risks posed by passive smoking too. Hearing loss can often be very【C17】and lead to social isolation, if not quickly【C18】Before you next【C19】a cigarette, consider how it could impact not only【C20】your own long-term hearing but your friends" and relatives" too." 【C1】

A. categorizing
B. discovering
C. involving
D. helping