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TEXT C Black and white are two common words. White means bright and purity, black is darkness and evil, but not always. Sometimes the words are used differently. White hats and black hats represent the traditional meaning of the words. The hats are symbols of the good guys and the bad guys in American western movements. White hats and black hats had a real purpose in the early days of motion pictures. The early movies were made with no sounds. So the movie directors put a white hat on the hero and a black hat on his opponent, the bad guy in the story. A black sheep is a person who does things that are not accepted, that violate tradition. A black sheep is rejected because he brings shame to his group. A family may have a member who is thought of as a black sheep, a person who is not welcome at family gatherings. Black is also used in some expressions that describe good things. Feeling in the black, for example, is a good situation for anyone. It is a business expression. It means that the company is earning money. The store that makes profit is in the black. The expression comes from the color of ink that is used in the books that record a company’s profits or losses. Profits are written in black ink, losses are written in red. So when someone says his business is in the red, he means it is losing money. White usually means something good. A white-collar job, for example, is the kind of job many people seek. It is a job where you work at the desk, using your brain instead of your muscles. Usually white-collar jobs pay more than blue-collar jobs. These jobs are where you don’t use your muscles. Sometimes white is used in an expression that is not good. Whitewash is such an expression. At first whitewash meant to paint over something with white paint, making it look better but now whitewash has different meaning, to hide or cover up mistakes or falls. A newspaper might report, for example, that the investigation of the train accident is a whitewash because investigators did not really try to discover who was responsible. Some expressions use black and white together. Someone may say to you that your proposal sounds all right but he wants to see it in black and white. He wants to see your proposal in writing, black ink on white paper. Some people are said to see things only in black and white. Now this expression, black and white, represent opposite extremes, with no middle ground between them. Most issues in the world are not so simple as black and white. One side of an issue is not all white or good and the other side is not all black, wrong or evil. In the real world there are many gray areas where black and white are mixed to represent the true situation. The movie directors used a white hat to show the hero and black hat his opponent in
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In 1501, 25-year-old Michelangelo Buonarroti began working on his colossal masterpiece, the 17-foot-tall marble David. From a huge block of marble that had been abandoned decades earlier by another sculptor, Michelangelo took on the challenge of living up to Donatello and other precursors who had sculpted the same heroic figure. The David, portrayed in the Bible as a young shepherd who slew the giant Goliath and went on to become a valiant and just Hebrew king, was a fit symbol of courage and civic duty to guard the city of Florence. Michelangelo is a painter, sculptor, and architect. In this era, all three forms of art were thought to be based on disegno, an artistic discipline built on knowledge of the male human form. Sculpture is considered the finest art form because it mimics divine creation: The sculptural image is found within the block of stone much as the human soul is found within the physical body. The David is considered a masterpiece, an ideal male form combining heroic strength and human uncertainty. It was erected in 1504 in the public plaza of Florence, the Piazza della Signoria. In 1873, the original was moved to the Accademia delle Belle Arti, where it is better protected for posterity, and a copy of the work was erected in the plaza in 1882. In 1939, a copy of Michelangelo’s masterpiece was installed at the Forest Lawn Cemetery in Glendale, CA, with one addition: A fig leaf was added to cover the genitals and pubic hair of the statue. The leaf was removed in 1969, and the statue remained in its original state until toppled by an earthquake in 1987. In November 1969, a poster image of the statue was confiscated by a vice squad in Sydney, Australia, and the manager of the store was charged with obscenity. Daniel Thomas, curator of the New South Wales Art Museum, called the action "incredible, utterly ridiculous." The charges were ultimately dropped. Debates about the appropriateness of displaying reproductions or photographs of the David in such places as schools, dormitory rooms, and churches continue. Today, the image has become iconic in popular reproductions on T-shirts, refrigerator magnets, and in advertising. What can be inferred from the last paragraph of the passage
某工程项目，业主采取公开招标方式进行招标。有A、B、C、D、E五单位符合投标资格条件。 该招标项目的评标委员会成员由7人组成，其中当地招标投标监督管理办公室1人、公证处1人、招标人1人、技术经济方面专家4人。评标委员会于10月28日提出了书面评标报告。B、A企业分列综合得分第一名、第二名。由于B企业投标报价高于A企业，11月10日招标人向A企业发出了中标通知书，并于12月12日签订了书面合同。 问题 招标人确定A企业为中标人是否违规说明理由。
Emerging from the 1980 census is the picture of a nation developing more and more regional competition, as population growth in the Northeast and Midwest reaches a near standstill. This development―and its strong implications for US politics and economy in years ahead―has enthroned the South as America’’s most densely populate region for the first time in the history of the nation’’s head counting. Altogether, the US population rose in the 1970s by 23.2 million people―numerically the third-largest growth ever recorded in a single decade. Even so, that gain adds up to only 11.4 percent, lowest in American annual records except for the Depression years. Americans have been migrating south and west in larger numbers since World War Ⅱ , and the pattern still prevails. Three sun-belt states―Florida, Texas and California―together had nearly 10 million more people in 1980 than a decade earlier. Among large cities, San Diego moved from 14th to 8th and San Antonio from 15th to 10th―with Cleveland and Washington D. C. , dropping out of the top 10. Not all that shift can be attributed to the movement out of the snow belt, census officials say. Nonstop waves of immigrants played a role, too―and so did bigger crops of babies as yesterday’’s "baby boom" generation reached its child-bearing years. Moreover, demographers see the continuing shift south and west as joined by a related but newer phenomenon: More and more, Americans apparently are looking not just for places with more jobs but with fewer people, too. Some instances: Regionally, the Rocky Mountain states reproved the most rapid growth rate―37.1 percent since 1970 in a vast area with only 5 percent of the US population. Among states, Nevada and Arizona grew fastest of all: 63.5 and 53.1 percent respectively. Except for Florida and Texas, the top 10 in rate of growth is composed of Western state with 7.5 million people―about 9 per square mile. The flight from overcrowdedness affects the migration from snow belt to more-bearable climates. Nowhere do 1980 census statistics dramatize more the American search for spacious living than in the Far West. There, California added 3.7 million to its population in the 1970s, more than any other state. In that decade ,however, large numbers also migrated from California, mostly to other parts of the West. Often they chose―and still are choosing―somewhat colder climates such as Oregon, Idaho and Alaska in order to escape smog, crime and other plagues of urbanization in the Golden State. As a result, California’’s growth rate dropped during the 1970s, to 18.5 percent―little more than two thirds the 1960s’’ growth figure and considerably below that of other Western states. We can see from the available statistics that ____________.
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