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A factory is often the property of a society or a government, rather than the property of one person.

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Directions: Scan the following passage and find the words which have roughly the same meanings as those given below. The number in the brackets after each word definition refers to the number of paragraph in which the target word is. Write the word you choose on the Answer Sheet.(1)About three hundred years ago, there were approximately half a billion people in the world. In the two centuries that followed the population doubled, and, by 1850, there were more than a billion people in the world. It took only 75 years for the figure to double once more, so that now the population figure stands at approximately six and one half billion. Each day the population of the world increases by about 150,000. (2) In former centuries the population grew slowly. Famines, wars, and epidemics, such as the plague and cholera, killed many people. Today, although the birth rate has not changed significantly, the death rate has been lowered considerably by various kinds of progress. (3) Thus, at the same time that the industrial revolution made it possible to produce goods more cheaply and more quickly in factories, and agricultural revolution also took place. Instead of leaving fields empty every third year, farmers began to plant clover or some other crops that would enrich the soil. Instead of using only animal fertilizer, farmers began to use chemical fertilizers to keep the soil rich. These methods have enabled French farmers, for example, to get five times as much wheat as was obtained from the same land two centuries ago. (4) At the same time, constant progress has been going on in industry. Fifty years ago it took a day to assemble the pieces of an automobile. Today one factory can produce one car in a minute. Today, too, it takes only one textile worker to supervise the production of as much cotton cloth as 4,000 workers could have produced in the eighteenth century. Modern industry needs large numbers of specialized workers. The less specialized workers are gradually being replaced by new machines. Large quantities of raw materials, sometimes brought from halfway around the world, are also needed. To work the machines, energy must be supplied from sources such as coal, waterpower, electricity and oil. And to build, maintain and improve modern factories, great financial resources are necessary. A factory is often the property of a society or a government, rather than the property of one person. to pursue a special activity, or field of study (para. 4)

The same type of populace concentration is true of other continents, although they are of- ten far less populated.

However, all countries do not benefit to the same degree from this program in medicine and hygiene.

Directions: Scan the following passage and find the words which have roughly the same meanings as those given below. The number in the brackets after each word definition refers to the number of paragraph in which the target word is. Write the word you choose on the Answer Sheet.(1)About three hundred years ago, there were approximately half a billion people in the world. In the two centuries that followed the population doubled, and, by 1850, there were more than a billion people in the world. It took only 75 years for the figure to double once more, so that now the population figure stands at approximately six and one half billion. Each day the population of the world increases by about 150,000. (2) In former centuries the population grew slowly. Famines, wars, and epidemics, such as the plague and cholera, killed many people. Today, although the birth rate has not changed significantly, the death rate has been lowered considerably by various kinds of progress. (3) Thus, at the same time that the industrial revolution made it possible to produce goods more cheaply and more quickly in factories, and agricultural revolution also took place. Instead of leaving fields empty every third year, farmers began to plant clover or some other crops that would enrich the soil. Instead of using only animal fertilizer, farmers began to use chemical fertilizers to keep the soil rich. These methods have enabled French farmers, for example, to get five times as much wheat as was obtained from the same land two centuries ago. (4) At the same time, constant progress has been going on in industry. Fifty years ago it took a day to assemble the pieces of an automobile. Today one factory can produce one car in a minute. Today, too, it takes only one textile worker to supervise the production of as much cotton cloth as 4,000 workers could have produced in the eighteenth century. Modern industry needs large numbers of specialized workers. The less specialized workers are gradually being replaced by new machines. Large quantities of raw materials, sometimes brought from halfway around the world, are also needed. To work the machines, energy must be supplied from sources such as coal, waterpower, electricity and oil. And to build, maintain and improve modern factories, great financial resources are necessary. A factory is often the property of a society or a government, rather than the property of one person. to keep watch over work and workers as the person in charge (para. 4)