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[听力原文]First aid may be defined as the immediate and temporary treatment to a victim of an accident or serious illness until the supervision of a physician can be obtained. First aid begins with the steadying effect upon the stricken person when he realizes that competent hands will help him. The emergency situating often causes confusion in the mind of the victim. Things seem unreal and remote, and he often cannot think clearly and rationally for some time. The emotional reaction which results from a serious accident takes time to subside. Therefore, first aid is more than the physical attention of addressing his injuries or making him comfortable. It is the general mental effect that the well-selected word of encouragement, the expressing of willingness to help, the uplifting effect of the first aider’s evident capability can be given. The thoughtful suggestions made to solve immediate problems, the information given concerning nearby physicians and hospitals, the telephone call to summon medical help or an ambulance or to notify a relative, all these are the tasks of the first aider. The good first aider deals with the whole situation, the person and the injury. He knows what not to do as well as what to do. Thus, he avoids the error so commonly made through well meant but misguided efforts. He confines his procedures to what is necessary, keeping the handling of injured parts to a minimum.Which of the following is true about the first aid（）
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[听力原文]W: Mr. Black, what do you think of the economic forecasts for next year For example, what will happen to housing costsM: Well, there’s a good news for buyers. Prices won’t increase. In fact, they’ll fall slightly. There are different reasons for this. One is that it won’t be so easy to borrow money. A second reason is that there are still a lot of empty new houses on the market.W: I see. And what about food prices Will they fall tooM: I’m afraid not. You see, inflation will increase, so consumer prices will rise too. I think we can expect a 3 % rise in prices.W: Some economists say that unemployment will rise. Are you one of these peopleM: No, I’m not. I think it’ll decrease. Trade with other countries has improved dramatically over the past year. And the increase in demand for goods means that there will be more jobs.W: Well, if unemployment falls, can we expect wages to fall tooM: No, no. The average wage will increase. Not very much, I’m afraid, but there will be a slight increase.W: One financial question, Mr. Black. What will happen to petrol prices Will they increase or decrease next yearM: That’s a very difficult question to answer because we don’t know what’ll happen in the oil producing countries. I have a feeling that prices will go down. However, I could be wrong!W: Mr. Black, thank you very much for your time.M: My pleasure.What will happen to housing costs next year, according to Mr. Black（）
Economic globalization is a powerful trend, driven by a (36) of technological developments, profit-seeking businesses, and generally supportive public policy. But globalization is also less (37) and more fragile than is widely-believed by both its supporters and its opponents. The demise of the first wave of globalization in the early decades of the twentieth century (38) demonstrates that it is not an irreversible trend. National borders and policies continue to play a role in limiting and directing international (39) . Discontent with globalization is widespread enough to be (40) . The most extreme and active of globalization’s opponents depict it as the source of all that is wrong in the modern world, including poverty, (41) , inequality, violence, and war.Those of us who believe in globalization need to defend it. We need to continue to provide and to (42) not just the actual goods, services, and capital that flow across international borders, but the associated trade in ideas, skills, and institutions as well. When (43) by sensible, market-oriented public policies, globalization can be a great benefit to national wealth and social development.(44) . nor is it a plot by profit-hungry mega-corporations to exploit workers and deprive the environment. At the most fundamental level, (45) . Acts of buying, selling, producing, borrowing, and lending that used to be ruled but by geographic, technological, or legal barriers have now become practical. (46) , precisely because globalization embodies. such a vast and marvelous array of new economic opportunities. 45（）
Most of us are taught to pay attention to what is said—the words. Words do provide us with some information, but meanings are derived from so many other sources that it would hinder our effectiveness as a partner to a relationship to rely too heavily on words alone. Words are used to describe only a small part of the many ideas we associate with any given message. Sometimes we can gain insight into some of those associations if we listen for more than words. We don’t always say what we mean or mean what we say. Sometimes our words don’t mean anything except "I’m letting off some steam. I don’t really want you to pay close attention to what I’m saying. Just pay attention to what I’m feeling. " Mostly we mean several things at once. A person wanting to purchase a house says to the current owner, "This step has to be fixed before I’ll buy. " The owner says, "It’s been like that for years. " Actually, the step hasn’t been like that for years, but the unspoken message is: "I don’t want to fix it. We put up with it. Why can’t you" The search for a more expansive view of meaning can be developed of examining a message in terms of who said it, when it occurred, the related conditions or situations, and how it was said.When a message occurs can also reveal associated meaning. Let us assume two couples do exactly the same amount of kissing and arguing. But one couple always kisses after an argument and the other couple always argues after a kiss. The ordering of the behaviors may mean a great deal more than the frequency of the behavior. A friend’s unusually docile(温顺的) behavior may only be understood by noting that it was preceded by situations that required an abnormal amount of assertiveness. Some responses may be directly linked to a developing pattern of responses and defy logic. For example, a person who says "No!" to a serials of charges like "You’re dumb. ", "You’re lazy. " and "You’re dishonest. " may also say "No !" and try to justify his or her response if the next statement is "And you’re good looking. "We would do well to listen for how messages are presented. The words "It sure has been nice to have you over. " can be said with emphasis and excitement or ritualistically. The phrase can be said once or repeated several times. And the meanings we associate with the phrase will change accordingly. Sometimes if we say something infrequently it assumes more importance; sometimes the more we say something the less importance it assumes. Based on the context, the phase "let off steam" in Line 6, Paragraph 1 means（）
Economic globalization is a powerful trend, driven by a (36) of technological developments, profit-seeking businesses, and generally supportive public policy. But globalization is also less (37) and more fragile than is widely-believed by both its supporters and its opponents. The demise of the first wave of globalization in the early decades of the twentieth century (38) demonstrates that it is not an irreversible trend. National borders and policies continue to play a role in limiting and directing international (39) . Discontent with globalization is widespread enough to be (40) . The most extreme and active of globalization’s opponents depict it as the source of all that is wrong in the modern world, including poverty, (41) , inequality, violence, and war.Those of us who believe in globalization need to defend it. We need to continue to provide and to (42) not just the actual goods, services, and capital that flow across international borders, but the associated trade in ideas, skills, and institutions as well. When (43) by sensible, market-oriented public policies, globalization can be a great benefit to national wealth and social development.(44) . nor is it a plot by profit-hungry mega-corporations to exploit workers and deprive the environment. At the most fundamental level, (45) . Acts of buying, selling, producing, borrowing, and lending that used to be ruled but by geographic, technological, or legal barriers have now become practical. (46) , precisely because globalization embodies. such a vast and marvelous array of new economic opportunities. 44（）
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