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在结构化分析使用的数据流图中,使______解释其中的图形元素。

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TEXT D Decades after Marilyn Monroe’s death, there was a burst of speculation about what she might have been doing if (and it is a very big if) she had not met a premature end from an overdose in 1962, at the age of 36. The American writer Joyce Carol Oates, whose recent novel B/on& is a fictionalized version of Marilyn’s life, thinks she might have left Hollywood for a successful career in the theatre. The feminist commentator Gloria Steinem, who has also written a book about the actress, imagines her living in the country and running an animal sanctuary. I have to say that these imaginary careers, and many other things that have been suggested about Marilyn in recent years, fall into the category of rescue fantasies. The point about her life is that it went hideously and predictably wrong, with self-destruction always a more likely outcome than a revival of her acting career as an interpreter of Chekhov or an early conversion to the animal rights movement. This is not to denigrate the woman herself, whose story seems to me genuinely tragic. Hers is a dread/ul catalogue of abandonment, abuse and a desperate re-invention of .the self in terms that successfully courted fame and disaster in just about equal measure. Fragile egos often invited other people’s projections and Marilyn came to see herself, in her own words, as "some kind of mirror instead of a person". This is half-perceptive, in that what she actually became in her lifetime was a blank screen on which men could project their fantasies and anyone who wants to understand what kind of fantasies they were has only to look at Norman Mailer’s creepy biography, with its drooling images of Marilyn as a vulnerable child, incapable of saying no. What she is unlikely to have anticipated is that, four decades later, thoughtful women would look at her image and see, perversely, a reflection of themselves. Ms. Steinem has been reported as saying that she thinks Marilyn’s experiences might have pushed her into embracing the women’s movement. But Marilyn was a male-identified woman, a product of a virulently misogynist culture that was erotically stimulated by the pairing of beauty and brains -- but only as long as women did the beauty while men got to direct movies, write plays and run the country. That Marilyn played this role to perfection, then loathed it and rebelled against its limitations, hardly needs saying. The author mentions Norman Mailer’s biography in order to

A. point out the nature of biographer’s work.
B. indicate a source of male projections.
C. counter Marilyn’s view that she was "some kinds of mirror instead of a person".
D. illustrate that Marilyn is extremely popular with biographers.

影响外语学习的非智力因素有哪些

(8) 是将系统化的、规范的、可定量的方法应用于软件的开发、运行和维护的过程,它包括方法、工具和过程3个要素。ISO9000是由ISO/TCl76制定的关于 (9) 和质量保证的国际标准。CMM提供了一个框架,将软件过程改进的进化步骤组织成5个成熟度等级。除第1级外,每个等级都包含了实现该成熟度等级目标的若干 (10) 。在软件开发的各种资源中, (11) 是最重要的资源。软件的复杂性是 (12) ,它引起人员通信困难、开发费用超支、开发时间超时等问题。 (10)处填()。

A. 关键实践
B. 关键过程域
C. 软件过程能力
D. 软件过程

It is said that in England death is pressing, in Canada inevitable and in California optional. Small wonder. Americans ’’life expectancy has nearly doubled over the past century. Failing hips can be replaced, clinical depression controlled, cataracts removed in a 30-minute surgical procedure. Such advances offer the aging population a quality of life that was unimaginable when I entered medicine 50 years ago. But not even a great health-care system can cure death--and our failure to confront that reality now threatens this greatness of ours. Death is normal; we are genetically programmed to disintegrate and perish, even under ideal conditions. We all understand that at some level, yet as medical consumers we treat death as a problem to be solved. Shielded by third-party payers from the cost of our care, we demand eyed ’’thing that can possibly be done for us, even if it’’s useless. The most obvious example is late-stage cancer care. Physicians--frustrated by their inability to cure the disease and fearing loss of hope in the patient--too often offer aggressive treatment far beyond what is scientifically justified. In 1950, the U.S. spent $12.7 billion on health care. In 2002, the cost will be $ I, 540 billion. Anyone can see this trend is unsustainable. Yet few seem willing to try to reverse it. Some scholars conclude that a government with finite resources should simply stop paying for medical care that sustains life beyond a certain age--say 83 or so. Former Colorado governor Richard Lamm has been quoted as saying that the old and infirm" have a duty to die and get out of the way" so that younger, healthier people can realize their potential. I would not go that far. Energetic people now routinely work through their 60s and beyond, and remain dazzlingly productive. At 78, Viacom chairman Sumner Redstone jokingly claims to be 53. Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O’’Connor is in her 7Os, and former surgeon general C.Everett Koop chairs an Internet start-up in his 80s. These leaders are living proof that prevention works and that we can manage the health problems that come naturally with age. As a mere 68-year-old, I wish to age as productively as they have. Yet there are limits to what a society can spend in this pursuit. As a physician, I know the most costly amd dramatic measures may be ineffective and painful. I also know that people in Japan and Sweden, countries that spend far less on medical care, have achieved longer, healthier lives than we have. As a nation, we may be overfunding the quest for unlikely cures while underfunding research on humbler therapies that could improve people’’s lives. The text intends to express the idea that

A. medicine will further prolong people’’s lives.
B. life beyond a certain limit is not worth living.
C. death should be accepted as a fact of life.
D. excessive demands increase the cost of health care

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