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In recent years a new farming revolution has begun, one that involves the (21) of life at a fundamental level — the gene. The study of genetics has (22) a new industry called biotechnology. As the name suggests, it (23) biology and modem technology through such techniques as genetic engineering. Some of the new biotech companies specialize (24) agriculture and are working feverishly to duplicate seeds that give a high yield, that (25) diseases, drought and frost, and that reduce the need for (26) chemicals. (27) such goals could be achieved, it would be most beneficial. But some have raised concerns about genetically engineered crops. In nature, genetic diversity is created within certain space. A rose (28) be crossed with a different kind of rose, but a rose will never cross with a potato. Genetic engineering, (29) , usually involves taking genes from one species and inserting them into (30) in an attempt to transfer a desired characteristic. This could mean, (31) , selecting a gene which leads to the production of a chemical with anti-freeze quality from an arc- tic fish, and inserting (32) into a potato or strawberry to make it frost-resistant. In essence, then, biotechnology allows humans to (33) the genetic walls that separate species. Like the green revolution, (34) some call the gene revolution contributes to the problem of genetic uniformity — some say even more so that geneticists can employ techniques (35) as cloning and (36) culture, processes that produce perfectly (37) copies. Concerns about the erosion of biodiversity, therefore, (38) . Genetically altered plants, however, raise new issues, such as the effects that they may have (39) us and the environment. "We are flying blindly into a new era of agricultural biotechnology with high hopes, few constraints, and (40) idea of the potential outcomes," said science writer Jeremy Rifkin.
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Questions 17～20 are based on a talk about the execution of Timothy James — the guy who bombed the Oklahoma building and killed many people in 1995. You now hove 20 seconds to rend Questions 17～20. How many adults died in the bombing of the Federal building in Oklahoma
Passage 1 Man’s puzzlement and preoccupation with time both derive ultimately from his unique relationship to it. All animals exist in time and are changed by it; only man can control it. Like Proust, the French author whose experiences became his literary capital, man can recapture the past. He can also summon up things to come, displaying imagination and foresight alone with memory. It really can be argued, that memory and foresightedness are the essence of intelligence: that man’s ability to manipulate time, to employ both past and future as guides to present action, is what makes him human. To be sure, many animals can react to time after a fashion A rat can learn to press a lever that will, after a delay of some 25 seconds, reward it with a bit of food. But if the delay stretches beyond 30 seconds, the animal is stumped. It can no longer associate the reward so "far" in the future with the present lever-pressing. Monkeys, more smart than rats, are better able to deal with time. If one of them is allowed to see food being hidden under one of two cups, it can pick out the right cup even after 90 seconds have passed. But after that time interval, the monkey’s hunt for the food is no Better than chance predicts. With the apes, man’s nearest cousins, "time sense" takes a big step forward. Even under laboratory conditions, quite different from those they encounter in the wild, apes somemnes show remarkable ability to manipulate the present to obtain a future goal. A chimpanzee, for example, can learn to stack two boxes, one on the other, as a platform from which it can reach a hanging banana. Chimpanzees, indeed, carry their ability to deal with the future to the threshold of human capacity: they can make tools. And it is by the making of tools— physical tools as crude as a stone chopper, mental tools as subtle as a mathematical equation—that man characteristically prepares for future contingencies. Chimpanzees in the wild have been seen to strip a twig of its leaves to make a probe for extracting termites from their hole. Significantly, however, the ape does not make his tool before setting out on a termite hunt, but only when it actually sees the insects or their nest. Here, as with the banana and the crates, the ape can cope only with a future that is immediate and visible — and thus halfway into the present This article is about ______.
Questions 14～16 are based on a talk about Indonesians and Indonesia. You now hove 15 seconds to read Questions 14～16. Which of the following is not always a positive signal
Part ADirections: For Questions 1～5, you will hear a dialogue on enrolling for a course. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard; Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only I word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. The young man wants to know if there are any ______ for the course in Modem Guitar.
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