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Musical Training Can Improve Communication Skills American scientists say musical training seems to improve communication skills and language retardation. They found that developing musical skills involves the same process in the brain as learning how to speak. The scientists believe that could help children with learning disabilities. (46) . She says musical training involves putting together different kinds of information, such as hearing music, looking at musical notes, touching an instrument and watching other musicians. This process is not much different from learning how to speak. (47) . She further explains musical training and learning to speak each make us think about what we are doing. She says speech and music pass through a structure of the nervous system called the brain stem. (48) . Until recently, experts have thought the brain stem could not be developed or changed. But Professor Kranss and her team found that musical training can improve a person’s brain stem activity. The study involved individuals with different levels of musical ability. They were asked to wear an electrical device that measures brain activity. The individuals wore the electrode while they watched a video of someone speaking and a person playing a musical instrument the cello. (49) . The study found that the more years of training people had, the more sensitive they were to the sound and rhythm of the music. Those who were involved in musical activities were the same people in whom the improvement of sensory events was the strongest. (50) She says using music to improve listening skills could mean they hear sentences and understand facial expressions better.A. Both involve different senses.B. Nina Kraus is a neurobiologist at Northwestern University in Illinois.C. Some disabled children attended the musical training Class.D. It shows the importance of musical training to children with learning disabilities.E. Professor Krauss says cellos have sound qualities similar to some of the sounds that are important with speech.F. The brain stem controls our ability to hear.
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Gun Rights in the US Immediately after the shooting at Virginia Tech University, Americans gathered to mourn the dead. The president and the state governor both hurried there to share the (51) . But the majority of Americans still cling to their right to (52) weapons. Strictly speaking, the US is not the only country (53) gun violence has destroyed lives, families and communities in everyday circumstance. But the US is one of the (54) countries that seems unwilling and politically incapable of doing anything serious to stop it. In countries like Britain and Canada. The government adopted stricter (55) control soon after serious gun violence incidents. US leaders, however, are held (56) by the gun lobby and the electoral system. The powerful National Rifle Association, the major supporter of gun (57) in the US, is too strong for any party to take on. Most Republicans oppose gun controls anyway. (58) the years, the Democrats have found that they can either campaign for gun control or win power, not (59) ; they prefer power. According to the US Bureau of Justice Statistics, firearm incidents accounted (60) nine percent of the 4.7 million violent crimes in 2005. So, although opinion polls show most Americans want stricter gun laws, many don’t want to give up their arms they (61) to protect themselves. Dave Hancock, a Virginia gun lover, is one example. In an interview he said. "If one professor in Virginia incident had been carrying a legal weapon they might have been able to (62) all this." In his opinion, the massacre is an argument for more people to carry, weapons, not fewer. But at the root of Americans’ clinging to the right to bear arms is not just a fear of crime, but a mistrust of (63) , commented UK’s Guardian newspaper. One Virginia resident, who had a permit to carry; a concealed firearm, told the Guardian thin it was (64) American’s responsibility to have a gun. "Each person," he said, "should not rely solely (65) the government for protection.\
Parkinson’s Disease 1 Parkinson’s disease affects the way you move. It happens when there is a problem with certain nerve cells in the brain. Normally, these nerve cells make an important chemical called dopamine. Dopamine sends signals to the part of your brain that controls movement. It lets your muscles move smoothly and do what you want them to do. When you have Parkinson’s, these nerve cells break down. Then you no longer have enough dopamine, and you have trouble moving the way you want to. 2 No one knows for sure what makes these nerve cells break down. But scientists are doing a lot of research to look for the answer. They are studying many possible causes, including aging and poisons in the environment. Abnormal genes seem to lead to Parkinson’s disease in some people. But so far, there is not enough proof to show that it is always inherited. 3 Tremor may be the first symptom you notice. It is one of the most common signs of the disease, although not everyone has it. More importantly, not everyone with a tremor has Parkinson’s disease. Tremor often starts in just one arm or leg or only on one side of the body. It may be worse when you are awake but not moving the affected arm or leg. It may get better when you move the limb or you are asleep. In time, Parkinson’s affects muscles all through your body, so it can lead to problems like trouble swallowing or constipation. In the later stages of the disease, a person with Parkinson’s may have a fixed or blank expression, trouble speaking, and other problems. Some people also have a decrease in mental skills (dementia). 4 At this time, there is no cure for Parkinson’s disease. But there are several types of medicines that can control the symptoms and make the disease easier to live with. You may not even need treatment if your symptoms are mild. Your doctor may wait to prescribe medicines until your symptoms start to get in the way of your daily life. Your doctor will adjust your medicines as your symptoms get worse. You may need to take several medicines to get the best results.A. Tips for Patients with the DiseaseB. Common Treatment for the DiseaseC. Means of Diagnosis of the DiseaseD. Typical Symptoms of the DiseaseE. Possible Causes of the DiseaseF. Definition of Parkinson’s Disease Paragraph 3______
某运动员将其参赛所得的金牌送给其教练，该运动员对其金牌的处分属于事实处分。( )
In this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 21 to 23 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news. How many adults were killed in the explosion
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