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呈不规则节状,有分枝;气微,味苦、微辛()

A. 天冬
B. 射干
C. 紫菀
D. 三棱
E. 藁本

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Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on your ANSWER SHEET. Threats from nomadic people in the north were (31) throughout Chinese history. They were continually attacking the Chinese northern (32) . With each new emperor, came endless debate about how to (33) the barbarians. There were four options. (34) offensive campaigns to drive them away or to destroy them; create defensive garrisons; develop diplomatic and (35) ties with them, or build a wall to keep them out. All the options were (36) at various times. Experience showed that (37) campaigns were too costly and very risky, (38) defensive garrisons could not respond quickly enough (39) lightning attacks along a long border. The third option would seem to be a very (40) one and it was in fact tried successfully (41) a couple of occasions. Wall building became the most favored option in many dynasties. The three dynasties which (42) the most walls were the Qin, the Han and the Ming. The effectiveness of the Great Wall in history is still a controversial (43) . Historical records show that the wall (44) at many times (45) repel invaders. Only on two occasions when a dynasty weakened from (46) were invaders from the north (47) advance and conquer. (48) , scholars think the Chinese wall builders were themselves responsible for the unrest on the border. The nomads were people who did not farm, so they (49) trade with China for many essentials. When the Chinese refused to trade with them, they had no option (50) raid border towns.

A. bad
B. does
C. did
D. has

甲企业只生产A产品,2012年计划成本和2012年12月份实际发生的材料消耗量和材料单价如下表所示: 直接材料计划与实际成本对比表 项 目 材料消耗数量(千克) 材料价格(元/千克) 直接材料成本(元) 计划成本 200 33.5 6700 实际成本 170 40 6800 甲公司实行计时工资制度。A产品每台所耗工时数的每小时工资成本的计划数和实际数如下表所示: 直接人工成本与实际对比表 项 目 单位产品所耗工时 每小时工资成本 直接人工成本 计划成本 30 100 3000 实际成本 23.68 125 9600 要求: 计算单位产品所耗工时变动、每小时工资成本变动对直接人工成本的影响,计算两种因素影响的总额。

TEXT D Visitors to St. Paul Cathedral are sometimes astonished as they walk round the space under the arch to come up a statue which would appear to be that of a retired armed man meditating upon a wasted life. They are still more astonished when they see under it an inscription indicating that it represents the English writer, Samuel Johnson. The statue is by Bacon, but it is not one of his best works. The figure is, as often in eighteenth-century sculpture, clothed only in a loose robe that leaves arms, legs and one shoulder hare. But the strangeness for us is not one of costume only. If we know anything of Johnson, we know that he was constantly ill all through his life; and whether we know anything of him or not we are apt to think of a literary man as a delicate, weakly, nervous sort of person. Nothing can be further from that than the muscular statue. And in this matter the statue is perfectly right. And the fact which it reports is far from being unimportant. The body and the mind are closely interwoven in all of us, and certainly in Johnson’s case the influence of the body was extremely oblivious. His melancholy, his constantly repeated conviction of the general un-happiness of human life, was certainly the result of his constitutional infirmities. On the other hand, his courage, and his entire indifference to pain, was partly due to his great bodily strength. Perhaps the vein of rudeness, almost of fierceness, which sometimes showed itself in his conversation, was the natural tem-per of an invalid and suffering giant. That at any rate is what he was. He was the victim from childhood of a disease that resembled St. Vitus’s dance. He never knew the natural joy of a free and vigorous use of his limbs; when he walked it was like the struggling walk of one in irons. All accounts agree that his strange gestures and contortions were painful for his friends to witness and attracted crows of starters in the streets. But Reynolds says that he could sit still for his portrait to be taken, and that when his mind was engaged by a conversation the convulsions ceased. In any case, it is certain that neither this perpetual misery, nor his constant fear of losing his reason, nor his many grave attacks of illness, ever induced him to surrender the privileges that belonged to his physical strength. He justly thought no character so disagreeable as that of a chronic invalid, and was determined not to be one himself. He had known what it was to live on four pence a day and scorned the life of sofa cushions and tea into which well-attended old gentle-men so easily slip. What is the writer’s general opinion about literary men

A. They have well-developed muscles and strong will.
B. They suffer from nervous breakdowns.
C. They generally cannot manage their life very well.
D. They suffer from poor health.

In this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 11 to 13 are based on. the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage. In this passage, what does the term "coalescence" refer to

A. The gathering of small clouds to form large clouds.
B. The growth of droplets.
C. The fall of raindrops and other precipitation.
D. The movement of dust particles in the sunlight.

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