People traveling long distances frequently have to decide whether they would prefer to go by land, sea, or air. Hardly can anyone positively enjoy sitting in a train for more than a few hours. Train compartments soon get cramped and stuffy. Reading is only a partial solution, for the monotonous rhythm of the wheels clicking on the rails soon lulls you to sleep. During the day, sleep comes in snatches. At night, when you really wish to go to sleep you rarely manage to do so. Inevitably you arrive at your destination almost exhausted. Long car journey are even less pleasant, for it is quite impossible even to read. On motorways you can, at least, travel fairly safely at high speeds, but more often than not, the greater part of the journey is spent on narrow, bumpy roads which are crowded with traffic. By comparison, trips by sea offer a great variety of civilized comforts. You can stretch your legs on the spacious decks, play games, swim, meet interesting people and enjoy good food—always assuming, of course, that the sea is calm. If it is not, and you are likely to get seasick; no form of transport could be worse. Even if you travel in ideal weather, sea journeys take a long time. Relatively few people are prepared to sacrifice up to a third of their holidays for the pleasure of traveling on a ship.Airplanes have the reputation of being dangerous and expensive. But nothing can match them for speed and comfort. Traveling at a height of 30,000 feet, far above the clouds, and at over 500 miles an hour is an exhilarating experience. For a few hours, you settle back in a deep armchair to enjoy the flight. The real escapist can watch a free film show and sip champagne on some services. But even when such refinements are not available, there is plenty to keep you occupied. An airplane offers you an unusual and breathtaking view of the world. You soar effortlessly over high mountains and deep valleys. You really see the shape of the land. If the landscape is hidden from the view, you can enjoy the extraordinary sight of unbroken cloud plains that stretch out for miles before you, while the sun shines brilliantly in a clear sky. The journey is so smooth that there is nothing to prevent you from reading or sleeping. However you decide to spend your time, one thing is certain: you will arrive at your destination fresh and uncrumpled. Trips by sea are regarded as the worst means of traveling when ().
A. the weather is terrible
B. the traveler has little time
C. the traveler feels seasick
D. the sea is not calm
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A massive pool of warm ocean water is causing changes in the atmosphere that could produce unusual weather around the world in the next few months, the US National Weather Service reported on Monday.As a result of this phenomenon, known as El Nino, more rainfall than normal is likely this winter across some areas of the United States, with unusually warm or cold weather in other parts of the country.Currently the phenomenon is marked by a warm pool of water along the equator extending from the International Date Line nearly to the coast of South America. That water is nearly 4 degrees Fahrenheit above normal, explained Vernon Kousky of the climate center.This warm water "spreads almost a quarter of the way around the globe. So it’s massive and it has an impact on our weather. It has a global influence.., because it disturbs the atmosphere", said Dave Rodenhuis, director of the climate center."El Nino is probably the most important climate event beyond the annual cycle of seasons", he added.Because the changes tended to be first noticed around Christmas, the phenomenon was given the name El Nino, which is Spanish for child, a term often used to refer to the baby Jesus.The phenomenon occurs every three to five years, sometimes in a mild form and sometimes strongly affecting weather patterns worldwide. Details of its cause are not fully understood, but when it occurs, unusually warm air can be pumped into Canada, Alaska and the northern United States. At the same time, conditions tend to be wetter than normal along the US Southeast Coast and the Gulf of Mexico. And the Atlantic and Caribbean hurricane season tends to be milder than usual.The strong El Nino of 1982-1983 was blamed for worsening the devastating drought in Africa, causing a series of severe winter storms to come ashore in California, spawning the first typhoon to strike French Polynesia in 75 years—followed by five more in five months—deluging Peru and Ecuador with torrential rains and promoting the worst drought in two centuries in Australia.Overall damage was estimated at between $2 billion and $8 billion by a United Nations analysis and the death toll topped 1,500 worldwide. The warm water is affecting the weather globally because ().
A. its temperature is too much above normal
B. it covers a vast area in the world
C. it is one of the most important climate events
D. its influence begins from the equator
A massive pool of warm ocean water is causing changes in the atmosphere that could produce unusual weather around the world in the next few months, the US National Weather Service reported on Monday.As a result of this phenomenon, known as El Nino, more rainfall than normal is likely this winter across some areas of the United States, with unusually warm or cold weather in other parts of the country.Currently the phenomenon is marked by a warm pool of water along the equator extending from the International Date Line nearly to the coast of South America. That water is nearly 4 degrees Fahrenheit above normal, explained Vernon Kousky of the climate center.This warm water "spreads almost a quarter of the way around the globe. So it’s massive and it has an impact on our weather. It has a global influence.., because it disturbs the atmosphere", said Dave Rodenhuis, director of the climate center."El Nino is probably the most important climate event beyond the annual cycle of seasons", he added.Because the changes tended to be first noticed around Christmas, the phenomenon was given the name El Nino, which is Spanish for child, a term often used to refer to the baby Jesus.The phenomenon occurs every three to five years, sometimes in a mild form and sometimes strongly affecting weather patterns worldwide. Details of its cause are not fully understood, but when it occurs, unusually warm air can be pumped into Canada, Alaska and the northern United States. At the same time, conditions tend to be wetter than normal along the US Southeast Coast and the Gulf of Mexico. And the Atlantic and Caribbean hurricane season tends to be milder than usual.The strong El Nino of 1982-1983 was blamed for worsening the devastating drought in Africa, causing a series of severe winter storms to come ashore in California, spawning the first typhoon to strike French Polynesia in 75 years—followed by five more in five months—deluging Peru and Ecuador with torrential rains and promoting the worst drought in two centuries in Australia.Overall damage was estimated at between $2 billion and $8 billion by a United Nations analysis and the death toll topped 1,500 worldwide. Which of the following is true about the naming of El Nino ?()
A. The name had something to do with Christianity.
B. The name was given by a religious researcher.
C. The name indicates that El Nino most usually happens around Christmas.
D. The name implies that the first phenomenon of El Nino appeared in Spain.
A new study finds that even mild stress can affect your ability to control your emotions. A team of neuroscientists at New York University say that their findings suggest that certain (1) that teach people how to better control their emotions—such as those used to treat social anxiety and phobias—may not work as well during stressful situations."We have long suspected that stress can (2) our ability to control our emotions, but this is the first study to document how even mild stress can undercut therapies designed to keep our emotions in (3) ," said senior author and psychology professor Elizabeth Phelps. "In other words, what you learn in the clinic may not be as (4) in the real world when you’re stressed."To help patients learn to (5) their emotional impairment, therapists sometimes use cognitive restructuring techniques encouraging patients to alter their thoughts or approach to a situation to change their emotional response. These might include focusing on the positive or non-threatening aspects of an event or (6) that might normally produce fear.To test how these techniques hold up in real-life situations, the team (7) a group of 78 volunteers, who viewed pictures of snakes and spiders. Some of the pictures were paired with an electric shock, and participants (8) developed a fear of these pictures. The subjects "reported more (9) feelings of fear when viewing the pictures, compared with when they viewed images not paired with a shock."Next the participants were taught cognitive strategies, similar to those (10) by therapists and known as cognitive-behavioral therapy, to learn to diminish the fears brought on by the experiment. (3)处填()。
A. check
B. regulate
C. eventually
D. consequences
E. impair
F. stimulus
G. bleak
H. enlisted
I. relevant
J. prescribed
K. therapies
L. confined
M. incidentally
N. intense
O. breach
A new study finds that even mild stress can affect your ability to control your emotions. A team of neuroscientists at New York University say that their findings suggest that certain (1) that teach people how to better control their emotions—such as those used to treat social anxiety and phobias—may not work as well during stressful situations."We have long suspected that stress can (2) our ability to control our emotions, but this is the first study to document how even mild stress can undercut therapies designed to keep our emotions in (3) ," said senior author and psychology professor Elizabeth Phelps. "In other words, what you learn in the clinic may not be as (4) in the real world when you’re stressed."To help patients learn to (5) their emotional impairment, therapists sometimes use cognitive restructuring techniques encouraging patients to alter their thoughts or approach to a situation to change their emotional response. These might include focusing on the positive or non-threatening aspects of an event or (6) that might normally produce fear.To test how these techniques hold up in real-life situations, the team (7) a group of 78 volunteers, who viewed pictures of snakes and spiders. Some of the pictures were paired with an electric shock, and participants (8) developed a fear of these pictures. The subjects "reported more (9) feelings of fear when viewing the pictures, compared with when they viewed images not paired with a shock."Next the participants were taught cognitive strategies, similar to those (10) by therapists and known as cognitive-behavioral therapy, to learn to diminish the fears brought on by the experiment. (2)处填()。
A. check
B. regulate
C. eventually
D. consequences
E. impair
F. stimulus
G. bleak
H. enlisted
I. relevant
J. prescribed
K. therapies
L. confined
M. incidentally
N. intense
O. breach